Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected. 
The reason suggested is that preventing innovation from coming to market means that only current technology may be used, and current technology itself may cause harm or leave needs unmet; there is a risk of causing harm by blocking innovation. 
A number of industries and sources have been implicated, including high levels of dust in coal mining, gold mining, and the cotton textile industry, occupations involving cadmium and isocyanates, and fumes from welding. 
The principle has less relevance to contained fields such as aeronautics, where the few people undergoing risk have given informed consent (e.g., a test pilot). 
In 2011, there were approximately 730,000 hospitalizations in the United States for COPD. 
Scientific uncertainty should not automatically preclude regulation of activities that pose a potential risk of significant harm (Non-Preclusion). 
On 11 February, another new case was confirmed, bringing the total count to 33. 
"In 1953, Dr. George L. Waldbott, an American allergist, first described a new disease he named ""smoker's respiratory syndrome"" in the 1953 Journal of the American Medical Association." 
StopMRSANow.org — Discusses how to prevent the spread of MRSA 
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Ceuta 
These viruses are only distantly related to the human parainfluenza viruses, which are RNA viruses belonging to the paramyxovirus family that are a common cause of respiratory infections in children such as croup, but can also cause a disease similar to influenza in adults. 
In an assessment of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on selected countries in the Southern Hemisphere, data suggest that all countries experienced some time-limited and/or geographically isolated socioeconomic effects and a temporary decrease in tourism most likely due to fear of 2009 H1N1 disease. 
Of the 33 competition venues in Tokyo, 28 are within 8 kilometers (4.97 miles) of the Olympic Village. 
These conditions can impair coughing, swallowing, clearing the airways, and in the worst cases, breathing. 
Tachypnea (fast rate of breathing), which is defined as more than 20 breaths per minute, or when testing blood gas, a PaCO2 less than 32 mmHg, which signifies hyperventilation 
If, for example, a large ground-water body that people use for drinking water is contaminated by bacteria (e-coli 0157 H7, campylobacter or leptospirosis) and the source of contamination is strongly suspected to be dairy cows but the exact science is not yet able to provide absolute proof, the cows should be removed from the environment until they are proved, by the dairy industry, not to be the source or until that industry ensures that such contamination will not recur. 
The World Charter for Nature, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1982, was the first international endorsement of the precautionary principle. 
The Tokyo Olympics are scheduled to be broadcast in the United States by NBCUniversal, as part of a US$4.38 billion agreement that began at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. 
On 9 August 2017, a dead humpback whale was found stuck on the bow of the ship after it docked in Ketchikan, Alaska. 
Tuberculosis is more common in developing countries; about 80% of the population in many Asian and African countries test positive in tuberculin tests, while only 5–10% of the US population test positive. 
Silicosis resulted in 46,000 deaths in 2013 down from 55,000 deaths in 1990. 
Besides the recordings of the song on the Carousel cast albums and the film soundtrack, the song has been recorded by many artists, with notable hit versions made by Roy Hamilton, Frank Sinatra, Roy Orbison, Billy Eckstine, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Lee Towers, Judy Garland, Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Andy Williams, Glen Campbell, Johnny Maestro and The Brooklyn Bridge, Olivia Newton-John and Doris Day. 
As of August 2019, Grand Princess is based year-round in San Francisco, California, sailing on itineraries for Alaska, Hawaii, the Mexican Riviera, and the California coast. 
You'll Never Walk Alone is a show tune from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel. 
In addition, 74 suspected cases in Gafsa have been placed under home confinement. 
On January 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a group of people in the city of Wuhan, Hubei in China which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019. 
A 35-year-old man and a 59-year-old man in Mexico City and a 41-year-old man in the northern state of Sinaloa tested positive and were held in isolation at a hospital and a hotel, respectively. 
"After winning SmackDown's Universal Championship at Super ShowDown, WWE Hall of Famer Goldberg appeared on the following night's episode of SmackDown and issued an open challenge by stating his catchphrase, ""Who's next?""" 
"In those without acidosis from respiratory failure, home care (""hospital at home"") may be able to help avoid some admissions." 
Prior to opening on 9 March 2020 (Monday), the Dow Jones Industrial Average futures market fell over 1,300 points and suspended trading as a result due to a combination of coronavirus concerns and the oil price war. 
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Europe 
Roughly one-quarter of the world's population has been infected with M. tuberculosis, with new infections occurring in about 1% of the population each year. 
Prior to 2014, Diamond Princess alternated sailing north and southbound voyages of the glacier cruises during the northern summer months and in the southern summer, she sailed from Australia and New Zealand. 
Reddened eyes, skin (especially face), mouth, throat and nose 
Persistent or acute pollution (e.g., asbestos, endocrine disruptors) 
This followed an earlier restriction announced on the previous day which affected sixteen million people that affected the whole region of Lombardy and fourteen largely-neighbouring provinces in Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Piedmont and Marche, and prior to that a smaller-scale lockdown of eleven municipalities in the province of Lodi that had begun in late February. 
The 1980s saw the introduction of triple H therapy as a treatment for delayed ischemia due to vasospasm, and trials with nimodipine in an attempt to prevent this complication. 
The diagnosis of COPD should be considered in anyone over the age of 35 to 40 who has shortness of breath, a chronic cough, sputum production, or frequent winter colds and a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease. 
S. aureus can cause a range of illnesses, from minor skin infections, such as pimples, impetigo, boils, cellulitis, folliculitis, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome, and abscesses, to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, bacteremia, and sepsis. 
In 1721 the first drawings of emphysema were made by Ruysh. 
Further measures were introduced on 23 March. 
The World Federation of Neurosurgeons (WFNS) classification uses Glasgow coma score and focal neurological deficit to gauge severity of symptoms. 
"The term ""chronic bronchitis"" came into use in 1808 while the term ""COPD"" is believed to have first been used in 1965." 
"Thus, a species like the silvery pigeon that might exist in considerable numbers and simply be under-recorded or might just as probably be long extinct is not classified as ""data deficient"" or ""extinct"" (which both do not require any protective action to be taken), but as ""critically endangered"" (the conservation status that confers the need for the strongest protection), whereas the increasingly rare, but probably not yet endangered emerald starling is classified as ""data deficient"", because there is urgent need for research to clarify its status rather than for conservation action to save it from extinction." 
Socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic 
"In 2009, a swine-origin H1N1 virus strain commonly referred to as ""swine flu"" caused the 2009 flu pandemic, but there is no evidence that it is endemic to pigs (i.e. actually a swine flu) or of transmission from pigs to people; instead, the virus spreads from person to person." 
Thus, in the case of regulation of scientific research, there is a third party beyond the scientist and the regulator: the consumer. 
Many health systems have difficulty ensuring appropriate identification, diagnosis and care of people with COPD; Britain's Department of Health has identified this as a major issue for the National Health Service and has introduced a specific strategy to tackle these problems. 
Soon after, the principle integrated with many other legally binding international treaties such as the Rio Declaration and Kyoto Protocol. 
Drosten, Christian (21 March 2020) [2020-03-20]. 
In February 2016, Diamond Princess experienced a gastroenteritis outbreak, caused by norovirus sickening 158 passengers and crew on board, as confirmed after arrival in Sydney by NSW Health. 
Data about the previous day is revealed during Ministry of Health press conferences which typically occur at 1 pm every day. 
Tiffeneau and Pinelli in 1947 described the principles of measuring airflow. 
when asked in interviews. 
South KoreaOn 4 February, a South Korean woman, who recently visited Bangkok on a vacation, was tested positive and confirmed as the 16th case of the country 
Cases by country across Europe had doubled over periods of typically 3 to 4 days, with some countries (mostly those at earlier stages of detection) showing doubling every 2 days. 
The infected included at least 138 from India (including 132 crew and 6 passengers), 35 Filipinos, 32 Canadians, 24 Australians, 13 Americans, 4 Indonesians, 4 Malaysians, and 2 Britons. 
Previously it has been known by a number of different names, including chronic obstructive bronchopulmonary disease, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, chronic airflow obstruction, chronic airflow limitation, chronic obstructive lung disease, nonspecific chronic pulmonary disease, and diffuse obstructive pulmonary syndrome. 
The constitution of the World Health Organization was signed by all 51 countries of the United Nations, and by 10 other countries, on 22 July 1946. 
The first textbook of occupational medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of Workers), was written by Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini in 1700. 
"In economics, the Precautionary Principle has been analyzed in terms of ""the effect on rational decision-making"", of ""the interaction of irreversibility"" and ""uncertainty""." 
Coronavirus pandemic in Mongolia and Daily update 
Diamond Princess – Princess Cruises 
"The World Health Organization called the Wuhan lockdown ""unprecedented"" and said it showed ""how committed the authorities are to contain a viral breakout""." 
In March 2019, Grand Princess underwent another dry-dock refurbishment. 
According to the CDC, rapid diagnostic tests have a sensitivity of 50–75% and specificity of 90–95% when compared with viral culture. 
Governments worldwide have spent billions of U.S. dollars preparing and planning for a potential H5N1 avian influenza pandemic, with costs associated with purchasing drugs and vaccines as well as developing disaster drills and strategies for improved border controls. 
Crew members have been held on the ship for quarantine and treatment, and all disembarking passengers are being tested for the coronavirus and transferred by planes or buses to various military bases in California, Texas, and Georgia for quarantine, while a handful who were treated at hospitals and released were moved to various hotels. 
Diamond Princess is a British-registered cruise ship owned and operated by Princess Cruises. 
The Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Dutch: Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu or simply RIVM), is a Dutch research institute that is an independent agency of the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport. 
One is an English national currently working in a gold mine in the Burkina Faso and who went to vacation in Liverpool, returning on 10 March, with transits through Vancouver and Paris. 
Other new biosafety issues (e.g., artificial life, new molecules) 
In 2010, 8.8 million new cases of TB were diagnosed, and 1.20–1.45 million deaths occurred, most of these occurring in developing countries. 
Transmission can be aerosolized when those stricken with the illness vomit, and can be aerosolized by a toilet flush when vomit or diarrhea is present; infection can follow eating food or breathing air near an episode of vomiting, even if cleaned up. 
On 5 April, 89 new cases (48 confirmed and 41 probable) were reported, bringing the total to 1,039 (872 confirmed and 167 probable), and 29 more recoveries were reported, bringing the total to 156. 
"The norovirus was originally named the ""Norwalk agent"" after Norwalk, Ohio, in the United States, where an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred among children at Bronson Elementary School in November 1968 (although an outbreak had already been discovered in 1936 in Roskilde, Denmark, where it is commonly known as ""Roskilde syge"" or ""Roskilde illness"")." 
The England men's team secured a qualifying berth for Great Britain at the Olympics by winning the 2019 Rugby Europe Sevens Olympic Qualifying Tournament, defeating France in the final. 
Outside organizations have provided aid to help the country fight the virus: the Russian government provided test kits, the World Health Organization announced plans to send supplies despite the lack of confirmed cases, and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, U.S. State Department, and South Korean government all indicated willingness to help. 
On 5 March, Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health announced three new cases; two of which were a couple who traveled from Iran via Kuwait and one, another companion of the first and second cases. 
Javier Ortega Smith, the leader of Vox, tested positive after his party hosted a large meeting with sympathizers on 8 March, leading the Congress of Deputies and the Senate to suspend their parliamentary activity for a period of a week with 52 Vox's lawmakers asked to stay at home. On 11 March, the Assembly of Madrid, regional parliament of Madrid, suspended its activities for a period of 15 days, following Ortega Smith's positive test. 
Two suspected cases were identified by 11 March 2020, the first a woman returning from Denmark (or possibly Germany), and the other a woman who had hosted visitors from Germany. 
Time lapse video: Construction of Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital completed on YouTube 
Tachypnea (high respiratory rate), with greater than 20 breaths per minute; or, an arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide less than 4.3 kPa (32 mmHg) 
In 2018 the largest contributors ($150+ each) were the United States, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, United Kingdom, Germany and GAVI Alliance. 
COVID-19 testing can identify the SARS-CoV-2 virus and includes methods that detect the presence of virus itself (RT-PCR and isothermal nucleic acid amplification) and those that detect antibodies produced in response to infection. 
On 4 March, Saudi Arabia reported a second coronavirus case, a companion of the first, who crossed the causeway from Bahrain without disclosing that he had visited Iran. 
As of 13 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) considered Europe the active centre of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. 
35% of septic shock cases derive from urinary tract infections, 15% from the respiratory tract, 15% from skin catheters (such as IVs), and more than 30% of all cases are idiopathic in origin. 
"The January 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety says, in regard to controversies over GMOs: ""Lack of scientific certainty due to insufficient relevant scientific information ... shall not prevent the Party of [I]mport, in order to avoid or minimize such potential adverse effects, from taking a decision, as appropriate, with regard to the import of the living modified organism in question.""" 
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is an independent agency of the European Union (EU) whose mission is to strengthen Europe's defences against infectious diseases. 
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003, but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll. 
"AMR Industry Alliance, ""members from large R&D pharma, generic manufacturers, biotech, and diagnostic companies""" 
White blood cell count less than 4000 cells/mm³ (4 x 109 cells/L) or greater than 12,000 cells/mm³ (12 x 109 cells/L); or the presence of greater than 10% immature neutrophils (band forms). 
"The word ""emphysema"" is derived from the Greek ἐμφυσᾶν emphysan meaning ""inflate"" -itself composed of ἐν en, meaning ""in"", and φυσᾶν physan, meaning ""breath, blast""." 
"The word is derived from the Greek hêpar (ἧπαρ), meaning ""liver"", and -itis (-ῖτις), meaning ""inflammation""." 
RIVM has now become a large, complex organisation with many different international links and a range of activities. 
These include closure of air and land border crossing between China and Mongolia since 27 January until further notice and suspension of all international flights and passenger trains until 30 April. 
As of 19:16 UTC on 30 April 2020, a total of 3,249,022 cases are confirmed in more than 185 countries and 26 cruise ships. 
GermanyOn 4 March, Cologne city government announced 5 confirmed cases, including a woman who was previously on vacation in Thailand and is believed to have been infected there. 
Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. 
On 5 April, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina announced a stimulus package amounting to some US$8bn. 
The qualification for the 2020 Women's Olympic water polo tournament allocated ten teams quota spots: the hosts, the top team in the World League, the top team in the World Championships, five continental Olympic qualification tournament champions, and the two top teams at an Olympic qualifying tournament. 
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have reached Madagascar in March 2020. 
Altered body temperature: Fever > 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) or hypothermia < 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) 
On 24 March, Laos confirmed its first two COVID-19 cases, becoming the last Southeast Asian country infected with coronavirus. 
"Gollier et al. conclude that ""more scientific uncertainty as to the distribution of a future risk – that is, a larger variability of beliefs – should induce society to take stronger prevention measures today.""" 
"In 1982, the United Nations World Charter for Nature gave the first international recognition to the strong version of the principle, suggesting that when ""potential adverse effects are not fully understood, the activities should not proceed""." 
On 19 March, Saudi Arabia suspended the holding of daily prayers and the Friday prayers in and outside the two mosques in Mecca and Medina to limit the spread of coronavirus. 
"If the principle applies, the burden shifts: ""a decision maker must assume the threat of serious or irreversible environmental damage is... a reality [and] the burden of showing this threat... is negligible reverts to the proponent...""" 
On 17 March, when Bangladesh had 8 confirmed cases, the government closed all schools, for the remainder of March. 
The principle is often used by policy makers in situations where there is the possibility of harm from making a certain decision (e.g. taking a particular course of action) and conclusive evidence is not yet available. 
RIVM performs tasks to promote public health and a safe living environment by conducting research and collecting knowledge worldwide. 
On 20 March, the first three cases were confirmed in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. 
The consideration of the level of scientific uncertainty should involve factors which may include: what would constitute sufficient evidence; the level and kind of uncertainty; and the potential to reduce uncertainty. 
As of 22 March, the Ministry of Public Health defined two types of risk areas: 
Schumann, Florian (ed.). 
Documented evidence of infection, may include positive blood culture, signs of pneumonia on chest x-ray, or other radiologic or laboratory evidence of infection. 
Introduction of new and potentially harmful products into the environment, threatening biodiversity (e.g., genetically modified organisms) 
2019 FINA World League 
"People with emphysema have been known as ""pink puffers"" or ""type A"" due to their frequent pink complexion, fast respiratory rate and pursed lips, and people with chronic bronchitis have been referred to as ""blue bloaters"" or ""type B"" due to the often bluish color of the skin and lips from low oxygen levels and their swollen ankles." 
Antimicrobial resistance at Curlie 
On 2 April,it was reported that 141 samples were tested in the last 24 hours, and two were tested positive,both of them are male and one of them is 30-40 the other is between 70–80. 
H1N1, which caused Spanish flu in 1918, and Swine Flu in 2009 
"Sung by Liverpool fans in 1963, the song quickly became the football anthem of Liverpool F.C., which adopted ""You'll Never Walk Alone"" as its official motto on its coat of arms." 
A series of hotline numbers, email address and the Facebook page of the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) are provided for people to contact if they suspect Covid-19 infection or need more information. 
On 13 March, the third case was also confirmed, is a person who has had direct contact with the first two cases. 
Centre for Health Protection. 
In virus classification, influenza viruses are RNA viruses that make up four of the seven genera of the family Orthomyxoviridae: 
On 26 March, the Vientiane Times confirms third Covid-19 case. 
White blood cell count either significantly low (< 4000 cells/mm3), or elevated (> 12000 cells/mm3) 
The first person entered at 10:00 a.m. 
Media related to COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea at Wikimedia Commons 
"Bill Joy emphasised the dangers of replicating genetic technology, nanotechnology, and robotic technology in his article in Wired, ""Why the future doesn't need us"", though he does not specifically cite the precautionary principle." 
"The precautionary principle calls for action in the face of scientific uncertainty, but some formulations do not specify the minimal threshold of plausibility of risk that acts as a ""triggering"" condition, so that any indication that a proposed product or activity might harm health or the environment is sufficient to invoke the principle." 
Humans practice weak precaution every day, and often incur costs, to avoid hazards that are far from certain: we do not walk in moderately dangerous areas at night, we exercise, we buy smoke detectors, we buckle our seatbelts. 
There is no evidence that wealth affects a person's vulnerability to the virus. 
The qualification for the 2020 Men's Olympic water polo tournament allocated twelve teams quota spots: the hosts, the top team in the World League, the top two teams in the World Championships, five continental Olympic qualification tournament champions, and the three top teams at an Olympic qualifying tournament. 
Vaccines and Antisera at Curlie 
"The principle and accompanying need to take precautionary measures is ""triggered"" when two prior conditions exist: a threat of serious or irreversible damage, and scientific uncertainty as to the extent of possible damage." 
The CSI 300 Index, an aggregate measure of the top 300 stocks in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, dropped almost 3% on 23 January 2020, the biggest single-day loss in almost 9 months, after the Wuhan lockdown was announced as investors spooked by the drastic measure sought safe haven for their investments. 
On March 24, the Burkina Faso Ministry of Health confirmed 114 cases of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso, 89 in Ouagadougou, 4 in Bobo-Dioulasso, 2 in Dedougou, 2 in Boromo, and 1 in Houndé. 
Internationally, on 18 January 2006, donor nations pledged US$2 billion to combat bird flu at the two-day International Pledging Conference on Avian and Human Influenza held in China. 
The government asked the Army to enforce social distancing.ABC News Australia reported that 290 teams of soldiers were deployed across the country, that streets were empty in the capital Dhaka and the roadside shops were closed. 
Antimicrobial Stewardship Project, at the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), University of Minnesota 
In June 2017 Diamond Princess was retrofitted with a hull air lubrication system to reduce fuel consumption and related CO2 emissions. 
The 2020 FIA Formula One World Championship is a planned motor racing championship for Formula One cars which is due to be the 71st running of the Formula One World Championship. 
Several natural resources like fish stocks are now managed by precautionary approach, through Harvest Control Rules (HCR) based upon the precautionary principle. 
Sepsis has a worldwide incidence of more than 20 million cases a year, with mortality due to septic shock reaching up to 50 percent even in industrialized countries. 
On 8 February, another six cases were confirmed involving two Chinese, and one passenger on board the evacuation flight from 4 days ago and two other Thais who had exposure to tourists. 
Strong precaution holds that regulation is required whenever there is a possible risk to health, safety, or the environment, even if the supporting evidence is speculative and even if the economic costs of regulation are high. 
The mortality rate from sepsis is approximately 40% in adults and 25% in children. 
Retrieved 4 April 2020. 
"As of 2006 it had been integrated into EU laws ""in matters such as general product safety, the use of additives for use in animal nutrition, the incineration of waste, and the regulation of genetically modified organisms""." 
AustraliaOn 5 March, Queensland government confirmed that a 81-year-old man who has recently returned from Thailand tested positive and was admitted to Sunshine Coast University Hospital. 
The figure indicates how the principle is implemented in the cod fisheries management proposed by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. 
Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis. 
Starting in 2014, she undertook cruises from Yokohama for Tokyo or Kobe in the northern summer season. 
Rapid source identification and control 
Australia is expected to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. 
April 16 to 30 
A 2010 study suggested a specific genetic version of norovirus (which would not be distinguishable from other types of the virus using standard viral antibody tests) interacts with a specific mutation in the ATG16L1 gene to help trigger symptomatic Crohn's disease in mice that have been subjected to a chemical that causes intestinal injury similar to the process in humans. 
As of 12 March 2020, the following 153 National Olympic Committees have qualified (other than through universality places in athletics and swimming, under which all 206 NOCs may send competitors regardless of qualification). 
This small reduction was not deemed significant. 
Many doctors, particularly in Germany, appeared quite willing to experiment with the practical hand washing measures that he proposed—although virtually everyone rejected his basic and ground-breaking theoretical innovation: that the disease had only one cause, lack of cleanliness. 
The Games will feature 339 events in 33 different sports, encompassing a total of 50 disciplines. 
22 March: Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the king of Bhutan, announced in a national address that the country's land borders would be sealed off. 
The first scale of severity was described by Hunt and Hess in 1968: 
On 6 February, Saudi Arabia had announced a travel ban to China on citizens and residents. 
A petition filed 17 May 2013 by environmental group Greenpeace Southeast Asia and farmer-scientist coalition Masipag (Magsasaka at Siyentipiko sa Pagpapaunlad ng Agrikultura) asked the Appellate court to stop the planting of Bt eggplant in test fields, saying the impacts of such an undertaking to the environment, native crops and human health are still unknown. 
Activities that present an uncertain potential for significant harm should be prohibited unless the proponent of the activity shows that it presents no appreciable risk of harm (Prohibitory). 
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have reached Eswatini in March 2020. 
Silicosis resulted in 46,000 deaths globally in 2013, down from 55,000 deaths in 1990. 
Editors with Emacs emulation 
It has generally been found to be a cost-effective intervention, especially in children and the elderly, however the results of economic evaluations of influenza vaccination have often been found to be dependent on key assumptions. 
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated roughly 1.7 million hospital-associated infections, from all types of bacteria combined, cause or contribute to 99,000 deaths each year. 
Tunisia confirmed its first case on 2 March 2020, with the victim being a 40-year-old Tunisian man from Gafsa returning from Italy. 
A second field hospital, Leishenshan Hospital, using the same model, opened on 8 February. 
The Central Bank of Madagascar injected hundreds of billions of ariary into the banking system to ease the economic damage caused by COVID-19. 
新型コロナウイルス 特設サイト. 
Regulatory controls should incorporate a margin of safety; activities should be limited below the level at which no adverse effect has been observed or predicted (Margin of Safety). 
On 4 February, the Thai government dispatched a Thai AirAsia plane to retrieve 138 citizens who were trapped in Wuhan following the lockdown, which landed at U-Tapao International Airport at 7:00 p.m. local time. 
"Once both are satisfied, ""a proportionate precautionary measure may be taken to avert the anticipated threat of environmental damage, but it should be proportionate.""" 
On 16 April 2020, the country recorded its first COVID-19-related death, a 59-year-old man with diabetes as an underlying condition. 
In 1983, the Russian neurosurgeon Zubkov and colleagues reported the first use of transluminal balloon angioplasty for vasospasm after aneurysmal SAH. 
Threats to public health, due to new diseases and techniques (e.g., HIV transmitted through blood transfusion) 
The government announced on 17 March that all international and regional flights would be suspended for 30 days starting 20 March. 
Zeit Online (Interview) (in German and English). 
Activities that present an uncertain potential for significant harm should be subject to best technology available requirements to minimize the risk of harm unless the proponent of the activity shows that they present no appreciable risk of harm (BAT). 
RIVM was founded in 1910 when the Central Laboratory for Public Health was created and the present size of the institute is the result of a merger between three government institutes in 1984. 
For example, forbidding nuclear power plants based on concerns about risk means continuing to rely on power plants that burn fossil fuels, which continue to release greenhouse gases. 
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 
"The former ""requires inaction when action might pose a risk"", while the latter means ""choosing less risky alternatives when they are available, and [...] taking responsibility for potential risks.""" 
The widely publicised Wingspread Declaration, from a meeting of environmentalists in 1998, is another example of the strong version. 
Shopify cancelled its Shopify Unite conference, which was scheduled to occur from May 6 to 9 in Toronto. 
"She was the first Princess Cruises ship to be built in a Japanese shipyard, and the first to forego the controversial ""wing"" or ""shopping cart handle"" structure overhanging the stern, which houses the Skywalkers Nightclub on Caribbean Princess, Golden Princess and Star Princess, and which was originally also a feature of Grand Princess prior to her 2011 refit." 
Early goal directed therapy 
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. 
Heart rate greater than 90 beats per minute 
Grand Princess has a large theater, a large central performance lounge, and an aft show lounge. 
Retrieved 2020-04-02. 
The system consists of five grades and it assigns one point for the presence or absence of each of five factors: age greater than 50; Hunt and Hess grade 4 or 5; Fisher scale 3 or 4; aneurysm size greater than 10 mm; and posterior circulation aneurysm 25 mm or more. 
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Africa 
Thomas Alured Faunce has argued for stronger application of the precautionary principle by chemical and health technology regulators particularly in relation to Ti02 and ZnO nanoparticles in sunscreens, biocidal nanosilver in waterways and products whose manufacture, handling or recycling exposes humans to the risk of inhaling multi-walled carbon nanotubes. 
American-based Tyson Bull secured one of the two places available for individual-based gymnasts, neither part of the team nor qualified through the all-around, in the horizontal bar exercise, while an additional berth was awarded to the Australian female gymnast, who participated in the women's individual all-around and apparatus events at the 2019 World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany. 
by the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health 
The underground network that assists defectors in escaping North Korea has been almost unable to operate amidst strict controls implemented to stop the virus, with defection attempts being suspended. 
"One of the primary foundations of the precautionary principle, and globally accepted definitions, results from the work of the Rio Conference, or ""Earth Summit"" in 1992." 
At least 712 out of the 3,711 passengers and crew were infected, and fourteen have died. 
The principle was implemented in an international treaty as early as the 1987 Montreal Protocol, and among other international treaties and declarations is reflected in the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (signed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development). 
The new measure was put in place on 2 March 2020. 
"The precautionary principle invokes preventative action: ""the principle permits the taking of preventative measures without having to wait until the reality and seriousness of the threat become fully known""." 
On 13 March 2020, the following COVID-19 related risks were assessed by the ECDC: 
All of the following dates and times are in New Zealand Time: NZDT (UTC+13:00) until 5 April and NZST (UTC+12:00) thereafter. 
What you need to know about influenza (flu) from CDC. 
RIVM is located in Bilthoven and employs over 1500 people, many of whom work in multidisciplinary fields. 
XEmacs is a variant that branched from GNU Emacs in 1991. 
Support of major organ dysfunction 
Coronamapper – Map of the virus spread 
The threat of serious or irreversible damage should invoke consideration of five factors: the scale of threat (local, regional etc.); the perceived value of the threatened environment; whether the possible impacts are manageable; the level of public concern, and whether there is a rational or scientific basis for the concern. 
"Thank you.""" 
Great Britain women's national field hockey team qualified for the Olympics by securing one of the seven team quotas available from the 2019 Women's FIH Olympic Qualifiers, defeating Chile 5–1 on aggregate in a two-match playoff in London. 
In 1997, Japan tried to use the consideration of the precautionary principle in a WTO SPS Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures case, as Japan's requirement to test each variety of agricultural products (apples, cherries, peaches, walnuts, apricots, pears, plums and quinces) for the efficacy of treatment against codling moths was challenged. 
However, WHO clarified that the move is not a recommendation that WHO had made and authorities have to wait and see how effective it is. 
American neurosurgeon Dr Walter Dandy, working in Baltimore, was the first to introduce clips in 1938. 
Bhutan Broadcasting Service, COVID-19 news 
Long-term effects of new technologies (e.g. health concerns regarding radiation from cell phones and other electronics communications devices) 
Cold and mottled skin (Livedo reticularis), especially extremities, due to insufficient perfusion of the skin 
"After special transit planes have started evacuating those who are considered ""vulnerable"" to the disease from European areas, Japan and Korea, three more people have been reported as being infected with COVID-19 on 21 March." 
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019. 
Vaccines can cause the immune system to react as if the body were actually being infected, and general infection symptoms (many cold and flu symptoms are just general infection symptoms) can appear, though these symptoms are usually not as severe or long-lasting as influenza. 
provision of reliable information to the general public and to professionals working in health care about infectious diseases, the environment, nutrition and safety. 
The last brick was claimed to be placed on 2 February 2020. 
A 33-year-old woman, who returned from the United States at the end of February and then travelled to Lesotho before returning home to Eswatini, is currently in isolation. 
AIDS was first clinically reported on June 5, 1981, with five cases in the United States. 
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 
Operational history of WHO