Hub Card Data
Collection
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MIT/ast-finetuned-audioset-10-10-0.4593 | MIT | "2023-09-06T14:49:15" | 194,697,289 | 240 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"safetensors",
"audio-spectrogram-transformer",
"audio-classification",
"arxiv:2104.01778",
"license:bsd-3-clause",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | audio-classification | "2022-11-14T18:41:48" | ---
license: bsd-3-clause
tags:
- audio-classification
---
# Audio Spectrogram Transformer (fine-tuned on AudioSet)
Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) model fine-tuned on AudioSet. It was introduced in the paper [AST: Audio Spectrogram Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.01778) by Gong et al. and first released in [this repository](https://github.com/YuanGongND/ast).
Disclaimer: The team releasing Audio Spectrogram Transformer did not write a model card for this model so this model card has been written by the Hugging Face team.
## Model description
The Audio Spectrogram Transformer is equivalent to [ViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vit), but applied on audio. Audio is first turned into an image (as a spectrogram), after which a Vision Transformer is applied. The model gets state-of-the-art results on several audio classification benchmarks.
## Usage
You can use the raw model for classifying audio into one of the AudioSet classes. See the [documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/model_doc/audio-spectrogram-transformer#transformers.ASTForAudioClassification.forward.example) for more info. |
google-bert/bert-base-uncased | google-bert | "2024-02-19T11:06:12" | 64,263,008 | 1,796 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"jax",
"rust",
"coreml",
"onnx",
"safetensors",
"bert",
"fill-mask",
"exbert",
"en",
"dataset:bookcorpus",
"dataset:wikipedia",
"arxiv:1810.04805",
"license:apache-2.0",
"autotrain_compatible",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | fill-mask | "2022-03-02T23:29:04" | ---
language: en
tags:
- exbert
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
- bookcorpus
- wikipedia
---
# BERT base model (uncased)
Pretrained model on English language using a masked language modeling (MLM) objective. It was introduced in
[this paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805) and first released in
[this repository](https://github.com/google-research/bert). This model is uncased: it does not make a difference
between english and English.
Disclaimer: The team releasing BERT did not write a model card for this model so this model card has been written by
the Hugging Face team.
## Model description
BERT is a transformers model pretrained on a large corpus of English data in a self-supervised fashion. This means it
was pretrained on the raw texts only, with no humans labeling them in any way (which is why it can use lots of
publicly available data) with an automatic process to generate inputs and labels from those texts. More precisely, it
was pretrained with two objectives:
- Masked language modeling (MLM): taking a sentence, the model randomly masks 15% of the words in the input then run
the entire masked sentence through the model and has to predict the masked words. This is different from traditional
recurrent neural networks (RNNs) that usually see the words one after the other, or from autoregressive models like
GPT which internally masks the future tokens. It allows the model to learn a bidirectional representation of the
sentence.
- Next sentence prediction (NSP): the models concatenates two masked sentences as inputs during pretraining. Sometimes
they correspond to sentences that were next to each other in the original text, sometimes not. The model then has to
predict if the two sentences were following each other or not.
This way, the model learns an inner representation of the English language that can then be used to extract features
useful for downstream tasks: if you have a dataset of labeled sentences, for instance, you can train a standard
classifier using the features produced by the BERT model as inputs.
## Model variations
BERT has originally been released in base and large variations, for cased and uncased input text. The uncased models also strips out an accent markers.
Chinese and multilingual uncased and cased versions followed shortly after.
Modified preprocessing with whole word masking has replaced subpiece masking in a following work, with the release of two models.
Other 24 smaller models are released afterward.
The detailed release history can be found on the [google-research/bert readme](https://github.com/google-research/bert/blob/master/README.md) on github.
| Model | #params | Language |
|------------------------|--------------------------------|-------|
| [`bert-base-uncased`](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-uncased) | 110M | English |
| [`bert-large-uncased`](https://huggingface.co/bert-large-uncased) | 340M | English | sub
| [`bert-base-cased`](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-cased) | 110M | English |
| [`bert-large-cased`](https://huggingface.co/bert-large-cased) | 340M | English |
| [`bert-base-chinese`](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-chinese) | 110M | Chinese |
| [`bert-base-multilingual-cased`](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-multilingual-cased) | 110M | Multiple |
| [`bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking`](https://huggingface.co/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking) | 340M | English |
| [`bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking`](https://huggingface.co/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking) | 340M | English |
## Intended uses & limitations
You can use the raw model for either masked language modeling or next sentence prediction, but it's mostly intended to
be fine-tuned on a downstream task. See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?filter=bert) to look for
fine-tuned versions of a task that interests you.
Note that this model is primarily aimed at being fine-tuned on tasks that use the whole sentence (potentially masked)
to make decisions, such as sequence classification, token classification or question answering. For tasks such as text
generation you should look at model like GPT2.
### How to use
You can use this model directly with a pipeline for masked language modeling:
```python
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> unmasker = pipeline('fill-mask', model='bert-base-uncased')
>>> unmasker("Hello I'm a [MASK] model.")
[{'sequence': "[CLS] hello i'm a fashion model. [SEP]",
'score': 0.1073106899857521,
'token': 4827,
'token_str': 'fashion'},
{'sequence': "[CLS] hello i'm a role model. [SEP]",
'score': 0.08774490654468536,
'token': 2535,
'token_str': 'role'},
{'sequence': "[CLS] hello i'm a new model. [SEP]",
'score': 0.05338378623127937,
'token': 2047,
'token_str': 'new'},
{'sequence': "[CLS] hello i'm a super model. [SEP]",
'score': 0.04667217284440994,
'token': 3565,
'token_str': 'super'},
{'sequence': "[CLS] hello i'm a fine model. [SEP]",
'score': 0.027095865458250046,
'token': 2986,
'token_str': 'fine'}]
```
Here is how to use this model to get the features of a given text in PyTorch:
```python
from transformers import BertTokenizer, BertModel
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
text = "Replace me by any text you'd like."
encoded_input = tokenizer(text, return_tensors='pt')
output = model(**encoded_input)
```
and in TensorFlow:
```python
from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertModel
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
text = "Replace me by any text you'd like."
encoded_input = tokenizer(text, return_tensors='tf')
output = model(encoded_input)
```
### Limitations and bias
Even if the training data used for this model could be characterized as fairly neutral, this model can have biased
predictions:
```python
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> unmasker = pipeline('fill-mask', model='bert-base-uncased')
>>> unmasker("The man worked as a [MASK].")
[{'sequence': '[CLS] the man worked as a carpenter. [SEP]',
'score': 0.09747550636529922,
'token': 10533,
'token_str': 'carpenter'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the man worked as a waiter. [SEP]',
'score': 0.0523831807076931,
'token': 15610,
'token_str': 'waiter'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the man worked as a barber. [SEP]',
'score': 0.04962705448269844,
'token': 13362,
'token_str': 'barber'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the man worked as a mechanic. [SEP]',
'score': 0.03788609802722931,
'token': 15893,
'token_str': 'mechanic'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the man worked as a salesman. [SEP]',
'score': 0.037680890411138535,
'token': 18968,
'token_str': 'salesman'}]
>>> unmasker("The woman worked as a [MASK].")
[{'sequence': '[CLS] the woman worked as a nurse. [SEP]',
'score': 0.21981462836265564,
'token': 6821,
'token_str': 'nurse'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the woman worked as a waitress. [SEP]',
'score': 0.1597415804862976,
'token': 13877,
'token_str': 'waitress'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the woman worked as a maid. [SEP]',
'score': 0.1154729500412941,
'token': 10850,
'token_str': 'maid'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the woman worked as a prostitute. [SEP]',
'score': 0.037968918681144714,
'token': 19215,
'token_str': 'prostitute'},
{'sequence': '[CLS] the woman worked as a cook. [SEP]',
'score': 0.03042375110089779,
'token': 5660,
'token_str': 'cook'}]
```
This bias will also affect all fine-tuned versions of this model.
## Training data
The BERT model was pretrained on [BookCorpus](https://yknzhu.wixsite.com/mbweb), a dataset consisting of 11,038
unpublished books and [English Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia) (excluding lists, tables and
headers).
## Training procedure
### Preprocessing
The texts are lowercased and tokenized using WordPiece and a vocabulary size of 30,000. The inputs of the model are
then of the form:
```
[CLS] Sentence A [SEP] Sentence B [SEP]
```
With probability 0.5, sentence A and sentence B correspond to two consecutive sentences in the original corpus, and in
the other cases, it's another random sentence in the corpus. Note that what is considered a sentence here is a
consecutive span of text usually longer than a single sentence. The only constrain is that the result with the two
"sentences" has a combined length of less than 512 tokens.
The details of the masking procedure for each sentence are the following:
- 15% of the tokens are masked.
- In 80% of the cases, the masked tokens are replaced by `[MASK]`.
- In 10% of the cases, the masked tokens are replaced by a random token (different) from the one they replace.
- In the 10% remaining cases, the masked tokens are left as is.
### Pretraining
The model was trained on 4 cloud TPUs in Pod configuration (16 TPU chips total) for one million steps with a batch size
of 256. The sequence length was limited to 128 tokens for 90% of the steps and 512 for the remaining 10%. The optimizer
used is Adam with a learning rate of 1e-4, \\(\beta_{1} = 0.9\\) and \\(\beta_{2} = 0.999\\), a weight decay of 0.01,
learning rate warmup for 10,000 steps and linear decay of the learning rate after.
## Evaluation results
When fine-tuned on downstream tasks, this model achieves the following results:
Glue test results:
| Task | MNLI-(m/mm) | QQP | QNLI | SST-2 | CoLA | STS-B | MRPC | RTE | Average |
|:----:|:-----------:|:----:|:----:|:-----:|:----:|:-----:|:----:|:----:|:-------:|
| | 84.6/83.4 | 71.2 | 90.5 | 93.5 | 52.1 | 85.8 | 88.9 | 66.4 | 79.6 |
### BibTeX entry and citation info
```bibtex
@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1810-04805,
author = {Jacob Devlin and
Ming{-}Wei Chang and
Kenton Lee and
Kristina Toutanova},
title = {{BERT:} Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language
Understanding},
journal = {CoRR},
volume = {abs/1810.04805},
year = {2018},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {1810.04805},
timestamp = {Tue, 30 Oct 2018 20:39:56 +0100},
biburl = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1810-04805.bib},
bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}
```
<a href="https://huggingface.co/exbert/?model=bert-base-uncased">
<img width="300px" src="https://cdn-media.huggingface.co/exbert/button.png">
</a>
|
sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2 | sentence-transformers | "2024-05-29T14:43:28" | 46,804,259 | 2,295 | sentence-transformers | [
"sentence-transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"rust",
"onnx",
"safetensors",
"bert",
"feature-extraction",
"sentence-similarity",
"transformers",
"en",
"dataset:s2orc",
"dataset:flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml",
"dataset:ms_marco",
"dataset:gooaq",
"dataset:yahoo_answers_topics",
"dataset:code_search_net",
"dataset:search_qa",
"dataset:eli5",
"dataset:snli",
"dataset:multi_nli",
"dataset:wikihow",
"dataset:natural_questions",
"dataset:trivia_qa",
"dataset:embedding-data/sentence-compression",
"dataset:embedding-data/flickr30k-captions",
"dataset:embedding-data/altlex",
"dataset:embedding-data/simple-wiki",
"dataset:embedding-data/QQP",
"dataset:embedding-data/SPECTER",
"dataset:embedding-data/PAQ_pairs",
"dataset:embedding-data/WikiAnswers",
"arxiv:1904.06472",
"arxiv:2102.07033",
"arxiv:2104.08727",
"arxiv:1704.05179",
"arxiv:1810.09305",
"license:apache-2.0",
"autotrain_compatible",
"text-embeddings-inference",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | sentence-similarity | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
language: en
license: apache-2.0
library_name: sentence-transformers
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- feature-extraction
- sentence-similarity
- transformers
datasets:
- s2orc
- flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml
- ms_marco
- gooaq
- yahoo_answers_topics
- code_search_net
- search_qa
- eli5
- snli
- multi_nli
- wikihow
- natural_questions
- trivia_qa
- embedding-data/sentence-compression
- embedding-data/flickr30k-captions
- embedding-data/altlex
- embedding-data/simple-wiki
- embedding-data/QQP
- embedding-data/SPECTER
- embedding-data/PAQ_pairs
- embedding-data/WikiAnswers
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
---
# all-MiniLM-L6-v2
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model: It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384 dimensional dense vector space and can be used for tasks like clustering or semantic search.
## Usage (Sentence-Transformers)
Using this model becomes easy when you have [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) installed:
```
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
Then you can use the model like this:
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
sentences = ["This is an example sentence", "Each sentence is converted"]
model = SentenceTransformer('sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2')
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings)
```
## Usage (HuggingFace Transformers)
Without [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net), you can use the model like this: First, you pass your input through the transformer model, then you have to apply the right pooling-operation on-top of the contextualized word embeddings.
```python
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
#Mean Pooling - Take attention mask into account for correct averaging
def mean_pooling(model_output, attention_mask):
token_embeddings = model_output[0] #First element of model_output contains all token embeddings
input_mask_expanded = attention_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand(token_embeddings.size()).float()
return torch.sum(token_embeddings * input_mask_expanded, 1) / torch.clamp(input_mask_expanded.sum(1), min=1e-9)
# Sentences we want sentence embeddings for
sentences = ['This is an example sentence', 'Each sentence is converted']
# Load model from HuggingFace Hub
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2')
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained('sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2')
# Tokenize sentences
encoded_input = tokenizer(sentences, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt')
# Compute token embeddings
with torch.no_grad():
model_output = model(**encoded_input)
# Perform pooling
sentence_embeddings = mean_pooling(model_output, encoded_input['attention_mask'])
# Normalize embeddings
sentence_embeddings = F.normalize(sentence_embeddings, p=2, dim=1)
print("Sentence embeddings:")
print(sentence_embeddings)
```
## Evaluation Results
For an automated evaluation of this model, see the *Sentence Embeddings Benchmark*: [https://seb.sbert.net](https://seb.sbert.net?model_name=sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2)
------
## Background
The project aims to train sentence embedding models on very large sentence level datasets using a self-supervised
contrastive learning objective. We used the pretrained [`nreimers/MiniLM-L6-H384-uncased`](https://huggingface.co/nreimers/MiniLM-L6-H384-uncased) model and fine-tuned in on a
1B sentence pairs dataset. We use a contrastive learning objective: given a sentence from the pair, the model should predict which out of a set of randomly sampled other sentences, was actually paired with it in our dataset.
We developed this model during the
[Community week using JAX/Flax for NLP & CV](https://discuss.huggingface.co/t/open-to-the-community-community-week-using-jax-flax-for-nlp-cv/7104),
organized by Hugging Face. We developed this model as part of the project:
[Train the Best Sentence Embedding Model Ever with 1B Training Pairs](https://discuss.huggingface.co/t/train-the-best-sentence-embedding-model-ever-with-1b-training-pairs/7354). We benefited from efficient hardware infrastructure to run the project: 7 TPUs v3-8, as well as intervention from Googles Flax, JAX, and Cloud team member about efficient deep learning frameworks.
## Intended uses
Our model is intended to be used as a sentence and short paragraph encoder. Given an input text, it outputs a vector which captures
the semantic information. The sentence vector may be used for information retrieval, clustering or sentence similarity tasks.
By default, input text longer than 256 word pieces is truncated.
## Training procedure
### Pre-training
We use the pretrained [`nreimers/MiniLM-L6-H384-uncased`](https://huggingface.co/nreimers/MiniLM-L6-H384-uncased) model. Please refer to the model card for more detailed information about the pre-training procedure.
### Fine-tuning
We fine-tune the model using a contrastive objective. Formally, we compute the cosine similarity from each possible sentence pairs from the batch.
We then apply the cross entropy loss by comparing with true pairs.
#### Hyper parameters
We trained our model on a TPU v3-8. We train the model during 100k steps using a batch size of 1024 (128 per TPU core).
We use a learning rate warm up of 500. The sequence length was limited to 128 tokens. We used the AdamW optimizer with
a 2e-5 learning rate. The full training script is accessible in this current repository: `train_script.py`.
#### Training data
We use the concatenation from multiple datasets to fine-tune our model. The total number of sentence pairs is above 1 billion sentences.
We sampled each dataset given a weighted probability which configuration is detailed in the `data_config.json` file.
| Dataset | Paper | Number of training tuples |
|--------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------:|:--------------------------:|
| [Reddit comments (2015-2018)](https://github.com/PolyAI-LDN/conversational-datasets/tree/master/reddit) | [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.06472) | 726,484,430 |
| [S2ORC](https://github.com/allenai/s2orc) Citation pairs (Abstracts) | [paper](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.447/) | 116,288,806 |
| [WikiAnswers](https://github.com/afader/oqa#wikianswers-corpus) Duplicate question pairs | [paper](https://doi.org/10.1145/2623330.2623677) | 77,427,422 |
| [PAQ](https://github.com/facebookresearch/PAQ) (Question, Answer) pairs | [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.07033) | 64,371,441 |
| [S2ORC](https://github.com/allenai/s2orc) Citation pairs (Titles) | [paper](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.447/) | 52,603,982 |
| [S2ORC](https://github.com/allenai/s2orc) (Title, Abstract) | [paper](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.447/) | 41,769,185 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) (Title, Body) pairs | - | 25,316,456 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) (Title+Body, Answer) pairs | - | 21,396,559 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) (Title, Answer) pairs | - | 21,396,559 |
| [MS MARCO](https://microsoft.github.io/msmarco/) triplets | [paper](https://doi.org/10.1145/3404835.3462804) | 9,144,553 |
| [GOOAQ: Open Question Answering with Diverse Answer Types](https://github.com/allenai/gooaq) | [paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.08727.pdf) | 3,012,496 |
| [Yahoo Answers](https://www.kaggle.com/soumikrakshit/yahoo-answers-dataset) (Title, Answer) | [paper](https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2015/hash/250cf8b51c773f3f8dc8b4be867a9a02-Abstract.html) | 1,198,260 |
| [Code Search](https://huggingface.co/datasets/code_search_net) | - | 1,151,414 |
| [COCO](https://cocodataset.org/#home) Image captions | [paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-10602-1_48) | 828,395|
| [SPECTER](https://github.com/allenai/specter) citation triplets | [paper](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.207) | 684,100 |
| [Yahoo Answers](https://www.kaggle.com/soumikrakshit/yahoo-answers-dataset) (Question, Answer) | [paper](https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2015/hash/250cf8b51c773f3f8dc8b4be867a9a02-Abstract.html) | 681,164 |
| [Yahoo Answers](https://www.kaggle.com/soumikrakshit/yahoo-answers-dataset) (Title, Question) | [paper](https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2015/hash/250cf8b51c773f3f8dc8b4be867a9a02-Abstract.html) | 659,896 |
| [SearchQA](https://huggingface.co/datasets/search_qa) | [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05179) | 582,261 |
| [Eli5](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eli5) | [paper](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-1346) | 325,475 |
| [Flickr 30k](https://shannon.cs.illinois.edu/DenotationGraph/) | [paper](https://transacl.org/ojs/index.php/tacl/article/view/229/33) | 317,695 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) Duplicate questions (titles) | | 304,525 |
| AllNLI ([SNLI](https://nlp.stanford.edu/projects/snli/) and [MultiNLI](https://cims.nyu.edu/~sbowman/multinli/) | [paper SNLI](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d15-1075), [paper MultiNLI](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-1101) | 277,230 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) Duplicate questions (bodies) | | 250,519 |
| [Stack Exchange](https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/stackexchange_xml) Duplicate questions (titles+bodies) | | 250,460 |
| [Sentence Compression](https://github.com/google-research-datasets/sentence-compression) | [paper](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D13-1155/) | 180,000 |
| [Wikihow](https://github.com/pvl/wikihow_pairs_dataset) | [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.09305) | 128,542 |
| [Altlex](https://github.com/chridey/altlex/) | [paper](https://aclanthology.org/P16-1135.pdf) | 112,696 |
| [Quora Question Triplets](https://quoradata.quora.com/First-Quora-Dataset-Release-Question-Pairs) | - | 103,663 |
| [Simple Wikipedia](https://cs.pomona.edu/~dkauchak/simplification/) | [paper](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P11-2117/) | 102,225 |
| [Natural Questions (NQ)](https://ai.google.com/research/NaturalQuestions) | [paper](https://transacl.org/ojs/index.php/tacl/article/view/1455) | 100,231 |
| [SQuAD2.0](https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/) | [paper](https://aclanthology.org/P18-2124.pdf) | 87,599 |
| [TriviaQA](https://huggingface.co/datasets/trivia_qa) | - | 73,346 |
| **Total** | | **1,170,060,424** | |
google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k | google | "2024-02-05T16:37:39" | 35,595,284 | 209 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"jax",
"safetensors",
"vit",
"image-feature-extraction",
"vision",
"dataset:imagenet-21k",
"arxiv:2010.11929",
"arxiv:2006.03677",
"license:apache-2.0",
"region:us"
] | image-feature-extraction | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
license: apache-2.0
tags:
- vision
datasets:
- imagenet-21k
inference: false
---
# Vision Transformer (base-sized model)
Vision Transformer (ViT) model pre-trained on ImageNet-21k (14 million images, 21,843 classes) at resolution 224x224. It was introduced in the paper [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929) by Dosovitskiy et al. and first released in [this repository](https://github.com/google-research/vision_transformer). However, the weights were converted from the [timm repository](https://github.com/rwightman/pytorch-image-models) by Ross Wightman, who already converted the weights from JAX to PyTorch. Credits go to him.
Disclaimer: The team releasing ViT did not write a model card for this model so this model card has been written by the Hugging Face team.
## Model description
The Vision Transformer (ViT) is a transformer encoder model (BERT-like) pretrained on a large collection of images in a supervised fashion, namely ImageNet-21k, at a resolution of 224x224 pixels.
Images are presented to the model as a sequence of fixed-size patches (resolution 16x16), which are linearly embedded. One also adds a [CLS] token to the beginning of a sequence to use it for classification tasks. One also adds absolute position embeddings before feeding the sequence to the layers of the Transformer encoder.
Note that this model does not provide any fine-tuned heads, as these were zero'd by Google researchers. However, the model does include the pre-trained pooler, which can be used for downstream tasks (such as image classification).
By pre-training the model, it learns an inner representation of images that can then be used to extract features useful for downstream tasks: if you have a dataset of labeled images for instance, you can train a standard classifier by placing a linear layer on top of the pre-trained encoder. One typically places a linear layer on top of the [CLS] token, as the last hidden state of this token can be seen as a representation of an entire image.
## Intended uses & limitations
You can use the raw model for image classification. See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?search=google/vit) to look for
fine-tuned versions on a task that interests you.
### How to use
Here is how to use this model in PyTorch:
```python
from transformers import ViTImageProcessor, ViTModel
from PIL import Image
import requests
url = 'http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg'
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
processor = ViTImageProcessor.from_pretrained('google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k')
model = ViTModel.from_pretrained('google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k')
inputs = processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")
outputs = model(**inputs)
last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
```
Here is how to use this model in JAX/Flax:
```python
from transformers import ViTImageProcessor, FlaxViTModel
from PIL import Image
import requests
url = 'http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg'
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
processor = ViTImageProcessor.from_pretrained('google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k')
model = FlaxViTModel.from_pretrained('google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k')
inputs = processor(images=image, return_tensors="np")
outputs = model(**inputs)
last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
```
## Training data
The ViT model was pretrained on [ImageNet-21k](http://www.image-net.org/), a dataset consisting of 14 million images and 21k classes.
## Training procedure
### Preprocessing
The exact details of preprocessing of images during training/validation can be found [here](https://github.com/google-research/vision_transformer/blob/master/vit_jax/input_pipeline.py).
Images are resized/rescaled to the same resolution (224x224) and normalized across the RGB channels with mean (0.5, 0.5, 0.5) and standard deviation (0.5, 0.5, 0.5).
### Pretraining
The model was trained on TPUv3 hardware (8 cores). All model variants are trained with a batch size of 4096 and learning rate warmup of 10k steps. For ImageNet, the authors found it beneficial to additionally apply gradient clipping at global norm 1. Pre-training resolution is 224.
## Evaluation results
For evaluation results on several image classification benchmarks, we refer to tables 2 and 5 of the original paper. Note that for fine-tuning, the best results are obtained with a higher resolution (384x384). Of course, increasing the model size will result in better performance.
### BibTeX entry and citation info
```bibtex
@misc{wu2020visual,
title={Visual Transformers: Token-based Image Representation and Processing for Computer Vision},
author={Bichen Wu and Chenfeng Xu and Xiaoliang Dai and Alvin Wan and Peizhao Zhang and Zhicheng Yan and Masayoshi Tomizuka and Joseph Gonzalez and Kurt Keutzer and Peter Vajda},
year={2020},
eprint={2006.03677},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CV}
}
```
```bibtex
@inproceedings{deng2009imagenet,
title={Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database},
author={Deng, Jia and Dong, Wei and Socher, Richard and Li, Li-Jia and Li, Kai and Fei-Fei, Li},
booktitle={2009 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition},
pages={248--255},
year={2009},
organization={Ieee}
}
``` |
amazon/chronos-t5-tiny | amazon | "2024-05-13T21:09:18" | 33,234,126 | 73 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"safetensors",
"t5",
"text2text-generation",
"time series",
"forecasting",
"pretrained models",
"foundation models",
"time series foundation models",
"time-series",
"time-series-forecasting",
"arxiv:2403.07815",
"arxiv:1910.10683",
"license:apache-2.0",
"autotrain_compatible",
"text-generation-inference",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | time-series-forecasting | "2024-02-28T07:51:45" | ---
license: apache-2.0
pipeline_tag: time-series-forecasting
tags:
- time series
- forecasting
- pretrained models
- foundation models
- time series foundation models
- time-series
---
# Chronos-T5 (Tiny)
Chronos is a family of **pretrained time series forecasting models** based on language model architectures. A time series is transformed into a sequence of tokens via scaling and quantization, and a language model is trained on these tokens using the cross-entropy loss. Once trained, probabilistic forecasts are obtained by sampling multiple future trajectories given the historical context. Chronos models have been trained on a large corpus of publicly available time series data, as well as synthetic data generated using Gaussian processes.
For details on Chronos models, training data and procedures, and experimental results, please refer to the paper [Chronos: Learning the Language of Time Series](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07815).
<p align="center">
<img src="figures/main-figure.png" width="100%">
<br />
<span>
Fig. 1: High-level depiction of Chronos. (<b>Left</b>) The input time series is scaled and quantized to obtain a sequence of tokens. (<b>Center</b>) The tokens are fed into a language model which may either be an encoder-decoder or a decoder-only model. The model is trained using the cross-entropy loss. (<b>Right</b>) During inference, we autoregressively sample tokens from the model and map them back to numerical values. Multiple trajectories are sampled to obtain a predictive distribution.
</span>
</p>
---
## Architecture
The models in this repository are based on the [T5 architecture](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683). The only difference is in the vocabulary size: Chronos-T5 models use 4096 different tokens, compared to 32128 of the original T5 models, resulting in fewer parameters.
| Model | Parameters | Based on |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [**chronos-t5-tiny**](https://huggingface.co/amazon/chronos-t5-tiny) | 8M | [t5-efficient-tiny](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-efficient-tiny) |
| [**chronos-t5-mini**](https://huggingface.co/amazon/chronos-t5-mini) | 20M | [t5-efficient-mini](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-efficient-mini) |
| [**chronos-t5-small**](https://huggingface.co/amazon/chronos-t5-small) | 46M | [t5-efficient-small](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-efficient-small) |
| [**chronos-t5-base**](https://huggingface.co/amazon/chronos-t5-base) | 200M | [t5-efficient-base](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-efficient-base) |
| [**chronos-t5-large**](https://huggingface.co/amazon/chronos-t5-large) | 710M | [t5-efficient-large](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-efficient-large) |
## Usage
To perform inference with Chronos models, install the package in the GitHub [companion repo](https://github.com/amazon-science/chronos-forecasting) by running:
```
pip install git+https://github.com/amazon-science/chronos-forecasting.git
```
A minimal example showing how to perform inference using Chronos models:
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import torch
from chronos import ChronosPipeline
pipeline = ChronosPipeline.from_pretrained(
"amazon/chronos-t5-tiny",
device_map="cuda",
torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
)
df = pd.read_csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AileenNielsen/TimeSeriesAnalysisWithPython/master/data/AirPassengers.csv")
# context must be either a 1D tensor, a list of 1D tensors,
# or a left-padded 2D tensor with batch as the first dimension
context = torch.tensor(df["#Passengers"])
prediction_length = 12
forecast = pipeline.predict(context, prediction_length) # shape [num_series, num_samples, prediction_length]
# visualize the forecast
forecast_index = range(len(df), len(df) + prediction_length)
low, median, high = np.quantile(forecast[0].numpy(), [0.1, 0.5, 0.9], axis=0)
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 4))
plt.plot(df["#Passengers"], color="royalblue", label="historical data")
plt.plot(forecast_index, median, color="tomato", label="median forecast")
plt.fill_between(forecast_index, low, high, color="tomato", alpha=0.3, label="80% prediction interval")
plt.legend()
plt.grid()
plt.show()
```
## Citation
If you find Chronos models useful for your research, please consider citing the associated [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07815):
```
@article{ansari2024chronos,
author = {Ansari, Abdul Fatir and Stella, Lorenzo and Turkmen, Caner and Zhang, Xiyuan, and Mercado, Pedro and Shen, Huibin and Shchur, Oleksandr and Rangapuram, Syama Syndar and Pineda Arango, Sebastian and Kapoor, Shubham and Zschiegner, Jasper and Maddix, Danielle C. and Mahoney, Michael W. and Torkkola, Kari and Gordon Wilson, Andrew and Bohlke-Schneider, Michael and Wang, Yuyang},
title = {Chronos: Learning the Language of Time Series},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.07815},
year = {2024}
}
```
## Security
See [CONTRIBUTING](CONTRIBUTING.md#security-issue-notifications) for more information.
## License
This project is licensed under the Apache-2.0 License.
|
openai/clip-vit-large-patch14 | openai | "2023-09-15T15:49:35" | 32,664,359 | 1,363 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"jax",
"safetensors",
"clip",
"zero-shot-image-classification",
"vision",
"arxiv:2103.00020",
"arxiv:1908.04913",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | zero-shot-image-classification | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
tags:
- vision
widget:
- src: https://huggingface.co/datasets/mishig/sample_images/resolve/main/cat-dog-music.png
candidate_labels: playing music, playing sports
example_title: Cat & Dog
---
# Model Card: CLIP
Disclaimer: The model card is taken and modified from the official CLIP repository, it can be found [here](https://github.com/openai/CLIP/blob/main/model-card.md).
## Model Details
The CLIP model was developed by researchers at OpenAI to learn about what contributes to robustness in computer vision tasks. The model was also developed to test the ability of models to generalize to arbitrary image classification tasks in a zero-shot manner. It was not developed for general model deployment - to deploy models like CLIP, researchers will first need to carefully study their capabilities in relation to the specific context they’re being deployed within.
### Model Date
January 2021
### Model Type
The base model uses a ViT-L/14 Transformer architecture as an image encoder and uses a masked self-attention Transformer as a text encoder. These encoders are trained to maximize the similarity of (image, text) pairs via a contrastive loss.
The original implementation had two variants: one using a ResNet image encoder and the other using a Vision Transformer. This repository has the variant with the Vision Transformer.
### Documents
- [Blog Post](https://openai.com/blog/clip/)
- [CLIP Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020)
### Use with Transformers
```python
from PIL import Image
import requests
from transformers import CLIPProcessor, CLIPModel
model = CLIPModel.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-large-patch14")
processor = CLIPProcessor.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-large-patch14")
url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
inputs = processor(text=["a photo of a cat", "a photo of a dog"], images=image, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
outputs = model(**inputs)
logits_per_image = outputs.logits_per_image # this is the image-text similarity score
probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=1) # we can take the softmax to get the label probabilities
```
## Model Use
### Intended Use
The model is intended as a research output for research communities. We hope that this model will enable researchers to better understand and explore zero-shot, arbitrary image classification. We also hope it can be used for interdisciplinary studies of the potential impact of such models - the CLIP paper includes a discussion of potential downstream impacts to provide an example for this sort of analysis.
#### Primary intended uses
The primary intended users of these models are AI researchers.
We primarily imagine the model will be used by researchers to better understand robustness, generalization, and other capabilities, biases, and constraints of computer vision models.
### Out-of-Scope Use Cases
**Any** deployed use case of the model - whether commercial or not - is currently out of scope. Non-deployed use cases such as image search in a constrained environment, are also not recommended unless there is thorough in-domain testing of the model with a specific, fixed class taxonomy. This is because our safety assessment demonstrated a high need for task specific testing especially given the variability of CLIP’s performance with different class taxonomies. This makes untested and unconstrained deployment of the model in any use case currently potentially harmful.
Certain use cases which would fall under the domain of surveillance and facial recognition are always out-of-scope regardless of performance of the model. This is because the use of artificial intelligence for tasks such as these can be premature currently given the lack of testing norms and checks to ensure its fair use.
Since the model has not been purposefully trained in or evaluated on any languages other than English, its use should be limited to English language use cases.
## Data
The model was trained on publicly available image-caption data. This was done through a combination of crawling a handful of websites and using commonly-used pre-existing image datasets such as [YFCC100M](http://projects.dfki.uni-kl.de/yfcc100m/). A large portion of the data comes from our crawling of the internet. This means that the data is more representative of people and societies most connected to the internet which tend to skew towards more developed nations, and younger, male users.
### Data Mission Statement
Our goal with building this dataset was to test out robustness and generalizability in computer vision tasks. As a result, the focus was on gathering large quantities of data from different publicly-available internet data sources. The data was gathered in a mostly non-interventionist manner. However, we only crawled websites that had policies against excessively violent and adult images and allowed us to filter out such content. We do not intend for this dataset to be used as the basis for any commercial or deployed model and will not be releasing the dataset.
## Performance and Limitations
### Performance
We have evaluated the performance of CLIP on a wide range of benchmarks across a variety of computer vision datasets such as OCR to texture recognition to fine-grained classification. The paper describes model performance on the following datasets:
- Food101
- CIFAR10
- CIFAR100
- Birdsnap
- SUN397
- Stanford Cars
- FGVC Aircraft
- VOC2007
- DTD
- Oxford-IIIT Pet dataset
- Caltech101
- Flowers102
- MNIST
- SVHN
- IIIT5K
- Hateful Memes
- SST-2
- UCF101
- Kinetics700
- Country211
- CLEVR Counting
- KITTI Distance
- STL-10
- RareAct
- Flickr30
- MSCOCO
- ImageNet
- ImageNet-A
- ImageNet-R
- ImageNet Sketch
- ObjectNet (ImageNet Overlap)
- Youtube-BB
- ImageNet-Vid
## Limitations
CLIP and our analysis of it have a number of limitations. CLIP currently struggles with respect to certain tasks such as fine grained classification and counting objects. CLIP also poses issues with regards to fairness and bias which we discuss in the paper and briefly in the next section. Additionally, our approach to testing CLIP also has an important limitation- in many cases we have used linear probes to evaluate the performance of CLIP and there is evidence suggesting that linear probes can underestimate model performance.
### Bias and Fairness
We find that the performance of CLIP - and the specific biases it exhibits - can depend significantly on class design and the choices one makes for categories to include and exclude. We tested the risk of certain kinds of denigration with CLIP by classifying images of people from [Fairface](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04913) into crime-related and non-human animal categories. We found significant disparities with respect to race and gender. Additionally, we found that these disparities could shift based on how the classes were constructed. (Details captured in the Broader Impacts Section in the paper).
We also tested the performance of CLIP on gender, race and age classification using the Fairface dataset (We default to using race categories as they are constructed in the Fairface dataset.) in order to assess quality of performance across different demographics. We found accuracy >96% across all races for gender classification with ‘Middle Eastern’ having the highest accuracy (98.4%) and ‘White’ having the lowest (96.5%). Additionally, CLIP averaged ~93% for racial classification and ~63% for age classification. Our use of evaluations to test for gender, race and age classification as well as denigration harms is simply to evaluate performance of the model across people and surface potential risks and not to demonstrate an endorsement/enthusiasm for such tasks.
## Feedback
### Where to send questions or comments about the model
Please use [this Google Form](https://forms.gle/Uv7afRH5dvY34ZEs9) |
openai/clip-vit-base-patch32 | openai | "2024-02-29T09:45:55" | 26,916,392 | 475 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"jax",
"clip",
"zero-shot-image-classification",
"vision",
"arxiv:2103.00020",
"arxiv:1908.04913",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | zero-shot-image-classification | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
tags:
- vision
widget:
- src: https://huggingface.co/datasets/mishig/sample_images/resolve/main/cat-dog-music.png
candidate_labels: playing music, playing sports
example_title: Cat & Dog
---
# Model Card: CLIP
Disclaimer: The model card is taken and modified from the official CLIP repository, it can be found [here](https://github.com/openai/CLIP/blob/main/model-card.md).
## Model Details
The CLIP model was developed by researchers at OpenAI to learn about what contributes to robustness in computer vision tasks. The model was also developed to test the ability of models to generalize to arbitrary image classification tasks in a zero-shot manner. It was not developed for general model deployment - to deploy models like CLIP, researchers will first need to carefully study their capabilities in relation to the specific context they’re being deployed within.
### Model Date
January 2021
### Model Type
The model uses a ViT-B/32 Transformer architecture as an image encoder and uses a masked self-attention Transformer as a text encoder. These encoders are trained to maximize the similarity of (image, text) pairs via a contrastive loss.
The original implementation had two variants: one using a ResNet image encoder and the other using a Vision Transformer. This repository has the variant with the Vision Transformer.
### Documents
- [Blog Post](https://openai.com/blog/clip/)
- [CLIP Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020)
### Use with Transformers
```python3
from PIL import Image
import requests
from transformers import CLIPProcessor, CLIPModel
model = CLIPModel.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-base-patch32")
processor = CLIPProcessor.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-base-patch32")
url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
inputs = processor(text=["a photo of a cat", "a photo of a dog"], images=image, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
outputs = model(**inputs)
logits_per_image = outputs.logits_per_image # this is the image-text similarity score
probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=1) # we can take the softmax to get the label probabilities
```
## Model Use
### Intended Use
The model is intended as a research output for research communities. We hope that this model will enable researchers to better understand and explore zero-shot, arbitrary image classification. We also hope it can be used for interdisciplinary studies of the potential impact of such models - the CLIP paper includes a discussion of potential downstream impacts to provide an example for this sort of analysis.
#### Primary intended uses
The primary intended users of these models are AI researchers.
We primarily imagine the model will be used by researchers to better understand robustness, generalization, and other capabilities, biases, and constraints of computer vision models.
### Out-of-Scope Use Cases
**Any** deployed use case of the model - whether commercial or not - is currently out of scope. Non-deployed use cases such as image search in a constrained environment, are also not recommended unless there is thorough in-domain testing of the model with a specific, fixed class taxonomy. This is because our safety assessment demonstrated a high need for task specific testing especially given the variability of CLIP’s performance with different class taxonomies. This makes untested and unconstrained deployment of the model in any use case currently potentially harmful.
Certain use cases which would fall under the domain of surveillance and facial recognition are always out-of-scope regardless of performance of the model. This is because the use of artificial intelligence for tasks such as these can be premature currently given the lack of testing norms and checks to ensure its fair use.
Since the model has not been purposefully trained in or evaluated on any languages other than English, its use should be limited to English language use cases.
## Data
The model was trained on publicly available image-caption data. This was done through a combination of crawling a handful of websites and using commonly-used pre-existing image datasets such as [YFCC100M](http://projects.dfki.uni-kl.de/yfcc100m/). A large portion of the data comes from our crawling of the internet. This means that the data is more representative of people and societies most connected to the internet which tend to skew towards more developed nations, and younger, male users.
### Data Mission Statement
Our goal with building this dataset was to test out robustness and generalizability in computer vision tasks. As a result, the focus was on gathering large quantities of data from different publicly-available internet data sources. The data was gathered in a mostly non-interventionist manner. However, we only crawled websites that had policies against excessively violent and adult images and allowed us to filter out such content. We do not intend for this dataset to be used as the basis for any commercial or deployed model and will not be releasing the dataset.
## Performance and Limitations
### Performance
We have evaluated the performance of CLIP on a wide range of benchmarks across a variety of computer vision datasets such as OCR to texture recognition to fine-grained classification. The paper describes model performance on the following datasets:
- Food101
- CIFAR10
- CIFAR100
- Birdsnap
- SUN397
- Stanford Cars
- FGVC Aircraft
- VOC2007
- DTD
- Oxford-IIIT Pet dataset
- Caltech101
- Flowers102
- MNIST
- SVHN
- IIIT5K
- Hateful Memes
- SST-2
- UCF101
- Kinetics700
- Country211
- CLEVR Counting
- KITTI Distance
- STL-10
- RareAct
- Flickr30
- MSCOCO
- ImageNet
- ImageNet-A
- ImageNet-R
- ImageNet Sketch
- ObjectNet (ImageNet Overlap)
- Youtube-BB
- ImageNet-Vid
## Limitations
CLIP and our analysis of it have a number of limitations. CLIP currently struggles with respect to certain tasks such as fine grained classification and counting objects. CLIP also poses issues with regards to fairness and bias which we discuss in the paper and briefly in the next section. Additionally, our approach to testing CLIP also has an important limitation- in many cases we have used linear probes to evaluate the performance of CLIP and there is evidence suggesting that linear probes can underestimate model performance.
### Bias and Fairness
We find that the performance of CLIP - and the specific biases it exhibits - can depend significantly on class design and the choices one makes for categories to include and exclude. We tested the risk of certain kinds of denigration with CLIP by classifying images of people from [Fairface](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04913) into crime-related and non-human animal categories. We found significant disparities with respect to race and gender. Additionally, we found that these disparities could shift based on how the classes were constructed. (Details captured in the Broader Impacts Section in the paper).
We also tested the performance of CLIP on gender, race and age classification using the Fairface dataset (We default to using race categories as they are constructed in the Fairface dataset.) in order to assess quality of performance across different demographics. We found accuracy >96% across all races for gender classification with ‘Middle Eastern’ having the highest accuracy (98.4%) and ‘White’ having the lowest (96.5%). Additionally, CLIP averaged ~93% for racial classification and ~63% for age classification. Our use of evaluations to test for gender, race and age classification as well as denigration harms is simply to evaluate performance of the model across people and surface potential risks and not to demonstrate an endorsement/enthusiasm for such tasks.
## Feedback
### Where to send questions or comments about the model
Please use [this Google Form](https://forms.gle/Uv7afRH5dvY34ZEs9) |
1231czx/llama3_it_ultra_list_and_bold500 | 1231czx | "2024-09-03T12:58:12" | 23,583,932 | 2 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"safetensors",
"llama",
"text-classification",
"arxiv:1910.09700",
"autotrain_compatible",
"text-generation-inference",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | text-classification | "2024-09-03T12:55:17" | ---
library_name: transformers
tags: []
---
# Model Card for Model ID
<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
## Model Details
### Model Description
<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
This is the model card of a 🤗 transformers model that has been pushed on the Hub. This model card has been automatically generated.
- **Developed by:** [More Information Needed]
- **Funded by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
- **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
- **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
- **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
- **License:** [More Information Needed]
- **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
### Model Sources [optional]
<!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
- **Repository:** [More Information Needed]
- **Paper [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
- **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
## Uses
<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
### Direct Use
<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
[More Information Needed]
### Downstream Use [optional]
<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
[More Information Needed]
### Out-of-Scope Use
<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
[More Information Needed]
## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
[More Information Needed]
### Recommendations
<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
## How to Get Started with the Model
Use the code below to get started with the model.
[More Information Needed]
## Training Details
### Training Data
<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
[More Information Needed]
### Training Procedure
<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
#### Preprocessing [optional]
[More Information Needed]
#### Training Hyperparameters
- **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
[More Information Needed]
## Evaluation
<!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
#### Testing Data
<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
[More Information Needed]
#### Factors
<!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
[More Information Needed]
#### Metrics
<!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
[More Information Needed]
### Results
[More Information Needed]
#### Summary
## Model Examination [optional]
<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
[More Information Needed]
## Environmental Impact
<!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
- **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
- **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
- **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
- **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
- **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
## Technical Specifications [optional]
### Model Architecture and Objective
[More Information Needed]
### Compute Infrastructure
[More Information Needed]
#### Hardware
[More Information Needed]
#### Software
[More Information Needed]
## Citation [optional]
<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
**BibTeX:**
[More Information Needed]
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[More Information Needed]
## Glossary [optional]
<!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
[More Information Needed]
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## Model Card Contact
[More Information Needed] |
FacebookAI/xlm-roberta-large | FacebookAI | "2024-02-19T12:48:30" | 21,776,963 | 319 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"tf",
"jax",
"onnx",
"safetensors",
"xlm-roberta",
"fill-mask",
"exbert",
"multilingual",
"af",
"am",
"ar",
"as",
"az",
"be",
"bg",
"bn",
"br",
"bs",
"ca",
"cs",
"cy",
"da",
"de",
"el",
"en",
"eo",
"es",
"et",
"eu",
"fa",
"fi",
"fr",
"fy",
"ga",
"gd",
"gl",
"gu",
"ha",
"he",
"hi",
"hr",
"hu",
"hy",
"id",
"is",
"it",
"ja",
"jv",
"ka",
"kk",
"km",
"kn",
"ko",
"ku",
"ky",
"la",
"lo",
"lt",
"lv",
"mg",
"mk",
"ml",
"mn",
"mr",
"ms",
"my",
"ne",
"nl",
"no",
"om",
"or",
"pa",
"pl",
"ps",
"pt",
"ro",
"ru",
"sa",
"sd",
"si",
"sk",
"sl",
"so",
"sq",
"sr",
"su",
"sv",
"sw",
"ta",
"te",
"th",
"tl",
"tr",
"ug",
"uk",
"ur",
"uz",
"vi",
"xh",
"yi",
"zh",
"arxiv:1911.02116",
"license:mit",
"autotrain_compatible",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | fill-mask | "2022-03-02T23:29:04" | ---
tags:
- exbert
language:
- multilingual
- af
- am
- ar
- as
- az
- be
- bg
- bn
- br
- bs
- ca
- cs
- cy
- da
- de
- el
- en
- eo
- es
- et
- eu
- fa
- fi
- fr
- fy
- ga
- gd
- gl
- gu
- ha
- he
- hi
- hr
- hu
- hy
- id
- is
- it
- ja
- jv
- ka
- kk
- km
- kn
- ko
- ku
- ky
- la
- lo
- lt
- lv
- mg
- mk
- ml
- mn
- mr
- ms
- my
- ne
- nl
- no
- om
- or
- pa
- pl
- ps
- pt
- ro
- ru
- sa
- sd
- si
- sk
- sl
- so
- sq
- sr
- su
- sv
- sw
- ta
- te
- th
- tl
- tr
- ug
- uk
- ur
- uz
- vi
- xh
- yi
- zh
license: mit
---
# XLM-RoBERTa (large-sized model)
XLM-RoBERTa model pre-trained on 2.5TB of filtered CommonCrawl data containing 100 languages. It was introduced in the paper [Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02116) by Conneau et al. and first released in [this repository](https://github.com/pytorch/fairseq/tree/master/examples/xlmr).
Disclaimer: The team releasing XLM-RoBERTa did not write a model card for this model so this model card has been written by the Hugging Face team.
## Model description
XLM-RoBERTa is a multilingual version of RoBERTa. It is pre-trained on 2.5TB of filtered CommonCrawl data containing 100 languages.
RoBERTa is a transformers model pretrained on a large corpus in a self-supervised fashion. This means it was pretrained on the raw texts only, with no humans labelling them in any way (which is why it can use lots of publicly available data) with an automatic process to generate inputs and labels from those texts.
More precisely, it was pretrained with the Masked language modeling (MLM) objective. Taking a sentence, the model randomly masks 15% of the words in the input then run the entire masked sentence through the model and has to predict the masked words. This is different from traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) that usually see the words one after the other, or from autoregressive models like GPT which internally mask the future tokens. It allows the model to learn a bidirectional representation of the sentence.
This way, the model learns an inner representation of 100 languages that can then be used to extract features useful for downstream tasks: if you have a dataset of labeled sentences for instance, you can train a standard classifier using the features produced by the XLM-RoBERTa model as inputs.
## Intended uses & limitations
You can use the raw model for masked language modeling, but it's mostly intended to be fine-tuned on a downstream task. See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?search=xlm-roberta) to look for fine-tuned versions on a task that interests you.
Note that this model is primarily aimed at being fine-tuned on tasks that use the whole sentence (potentially masked) to make decisions, such as sequence classification, token classification or question answering. For tasks such as text generation, you should look at models like GPT2.
## Usage
You can use this model directly with a pipeline for masked language modeling:
```python
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> unmasker = pipeline('fill-mask', model='xlm-roberta-large')
>>> unmasker("Hello I'm a <mask> model.")
[{'score': 0.10563907772302628,
'sequence': "Hello I'm a fashion model.",
'token': 54543,
'token_str': 'fashion'},
{'score': 0.08015287667512894,
'sequence': "Hello I'm a new model.",
'token': 3525,
'token_str': 'new'},
{'score': 0.033413201570510864,
'sequence': "Hello I'm a model model.",
'token': 3299,
'token_str': 'model'},
{'score': 0.030217764899134636,
'sequence': "Hello I'm a French model.",
'token': 92265,
'token_str': 'French'},
{'score': 0.026436051353812218,
'sequence': "Hello I'm a sexy model.",
'token': 17473,
'token_str': 'sexy'}]
```
Here is how to use this model to get the features of a given text in PyTorch:
```python
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForMaskedLM
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('xlm-roberta-large')
model = AutoModelForMaskedLM.from_pretrained("xlm-roberta-large")
# prepare input
text = "Replace me by any text you'd like."
encoded_input = tokenizer(text, return_tensors='pt')
# forward pass
output = model(**encoded_input)
```
### BibTeX entry and citation info
```bibtex
@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1911-02116,
author = {Alexis Conneau and
Kartikay Khandelwal and
Naman Goyal and
Vishrav Chaudhary and
Guillaume Wenzek and
Francisco Guzm{\'{a}}n and
Edouard Grave and
Myle Ott and
Luke Zettlemoyer and
Veselin Stoyanov},
title = {Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale},
journal = {CoRR},
volume = {abs/1911.02116},
year = {2019},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02116},
eprinttype = {arXiv},
eprint = {1911.02116},
timestamp = {Mon, 11 Nov 2019 18:38:09 +0100},
biburl = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1911-02116.bib},
bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}
```
<a href="https://huggingface.co/exbert/?model=xlm-roberta-base">
<img width="300px" src="https://cdn-media.huggingface.co/exbert/button.png">
</a>
|
jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english | jonatasgrosman | "2023-03-25T10:56:55" | 21,394,568 | 438 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"jax",
"safetensors",
"wav2vec2",
"automatic-speech-recognition",
"audio",
"en",
"hf-asr-leaderboard",
"mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0",
"robust-speech-event",
"speech",
"xlsr-fine-tuning-week",
"dataset:common_voice",
"dataset:mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0",
"license:apache-2.0",
"model-index",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | automatic-speech-recognition | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
language: en
datasets:
- common_voice
- mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0
metrics:
- wer
- cer
tags:
- audio
- automatic-speech-recognition
- en
- hf-asr-leaderboard
- mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0
- robust-speech-event
- speech
- xlsr-fine-tuning-week
license: apache-2.0
model-index:
- name: XLSR Wav2Vec2 English by Jonatas Grosman
results:
- task:
name: Automatic Speech Recognition
type: automatic-speech-recognition
dataset:
name: Common Voice en
type: common_voice
args: en
metrics:
- name: Test WER
type: wer
value: 19.06
- name: Test CER
type: cer
value: 7.69
- name: Test WER (+LM)
type: wer
value: 14.81
- name: Test CER (+LM)
type: cer
value: 6.84
- task:
name: Automatic Speech Recognition
type: automatic-speech-recognition
dataset:
name: Robust Speech Event - Dev Data
type: speech-recognition-community-v2/dev_data
args: en
metrics:
- name: Dev WER
type: wer
value: 27.72
- name: Dev CER
type: cer
value: 11.65
- name: Dev WER (+LM)
type: wer
value: 20.85
- name: Dev CER (+LM)
type: cer
value: 11.01
---
# Fine-tuned XLSR-53 large model for speech recognition in English
Fine-tuned [facebook/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53](https://huggingface.co/facebook/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53) on English using the train and validation splits of [Common Voice 6.1](https://huggingface.co/datasets/common_voice).
When using this model, make sure that your speech input is sampled at 16kHz.
This model has been fine-tuned thanks to the GPU credits generously given by the [OVHcloud](https://www.ovhcloud.com/en/public-cloud/ai-training/) :)
The script used for training can be found here: https://github.com/jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-sprint
## Usage
The model can be used directly (without a language model) as follows...
Using the [HuggingSound](https://github.com/jonatasgrosman/huggingsound) library:
```python
from huggingsound import SpeechRecognitionModel
model = SpeechRecognitionModel("jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english")
audio_paths = ["/path/to/file.mp3", "/path/to/another_file.wav"]
transcriptions = model.transcribe(audio_paths)
```
Writing your own inference script:
```python
import torch
import librosa
from datasets import load_dataset
from transformers import Wav2Vec2ForCTC, Wav2Vec2Processor
LANG_ID = "en"
MODEL_ID = "jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english"
SAMPLES = 10
test_dataset = load_dataset("common_voice", LANG_ID, split=f"test[:{SAMPLES}]")
processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
model = Wav2Vec2ForCTC.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
# Preprocessing the datasets.
# We need to read the audio files as arrays
def speech_file_to_array_fn(batch):
speech_array, sampling_rate = librosa.load(batch["path"], sr=16_000)
batch["speech"] = speech_array
batch["sentence"] = batch["sentence"].upper()
return batch
test_dataset = test_dataset.map(speech_file_to_array_fn)
inputs = processor(test_dataset["speech"], sampling_rate=16_000, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
with torch.no_grad():
logits = model(inputs.input_values, attention_mask=inputs.attention_mask).logits
predicted_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
predicted_sentences = processor.batch_decode(predicted_ids)
for i, predicted_sentence in enumerate(predicted_sentences):
print("-" * 100)
print("Reference:", test_dataset[i]["sentence"])
print("Prediction:", predicted_sentence)
```
| Reference | Prediction |
| ------------- | ------------- |
| "SHE'LL BE ALL RIGHT." | SHE'LL BE ALL RIGHT |
| SIX | SIX |
| "ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL." | ALL AS WELL THAT ENDS WELL |
| DO YOU MEAN IT? | DO YOU MEAN IT |
| THE NEW PATCH IS LESS INVASIVE THAN THE OLD ONE, BUT STILL CAUSES REGRESSIONS. | THE NEW PATCH IS LESS INVASIVE THAN THE OLD ONE BUT STILL CAUSES REGRESSION |
| HOW IS MOZILLA GOING TO HANDLE AMBIGUITIES LIKE QUEUE AND CUE? | HOW IS MOSLILLAR GOING TO HANDLE ANDBEWOOTH HIS LIKE Q AND Q |
| "I GUESS YOU MUST THINK I'M KINDA BATTY." | RUSTIAN WASTIN PAN ONTE BATTLY |
| NO ONE NEAR THE REMOTE MACHINE YOU COULD RING? | NO ONE NEAR THE REMOTE MACHINE YOU COULD RING |
| SAUCE FOR THE GOOSE IS SAUCE FOR THE GANDER. | SAUCE FOR THE GUICE IS SAUCE FOR THE GONDER |
| GROVES STARTED WRITING SONGS WHEN SHE WAS FOUR YEARS OLD. | GRAFS STARTED WRITING SONGS WHEN SHE WAS FOUR YEARS OLD |
## Evaluation
1. To evaluate on `mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0` with split `test`
```bash
python eval.py --model_id jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english --dataset mozilla-foundation/common_voice_6_0 --config en --split test
```
2. To evaluate on `speech-recognition-community-v2/dev_data`
```bash
python eval.py --model_id jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english --dataset speech-recognition-community-v2/dev_data --config en --split validation --chunk_length_s 5.0 --stride_length_s 1.0
```
## Citation
If you want to cite this model you can use this:
```bibtex
@misc{grosman2021xlsr53-large-english,
title={Fine-tuned {XLSR}-53 large model for speech recognition in {E}nglish},
author={Grosman, Jonatas},
howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-english}},
year={2021}
}
``` |
openai/clip-vit-base-patch16 | openai | "2022-10-04T09:42:28" | 19,528,242 | 89 | transformers | [
"transformers",
"pytorch",
"jax",
"clip",
"zero-shot-image-classification",
"vision",
"arxiv:2103.00020",
"arxiv:1908.04913",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | zero-shot-image-classification | "2022-03-02T23:29:05" | ---
tags:
- vision
widget:
- src: https://huggingface.co/datasets/mishig/sample_images/resolve/main/cat-dog-music.png
candidate_labels: playing music, playing sports
example_title: Cat & Dog
---
# Model Card: CLIP
Disclaimer: The model card is taken and modified from the official CLIP repository, it can be found [here](https://github.com/openai/CLIP/blob/main/model-card.md).
## Model Details
The CLIP model was developed by researchers at OpenAI to learn about what contributes to robustness in computer vision tasks. The model was also developed to test the ability of models to generalize to arbitrary image classification tasks in a zero-shot manner. It was not developed for general model deployment - to deploy models like CLIP, researchers will first need to carefully study their capabilities in relation to the specific context they’re being deployed within.
### Model Date
January 2021
### Model Type
The base model uses a ViT-B/16 Transformer architecture as an image encoder and uses a masked self-attention Transformer as a text encoder. These encoders are trained to maximize the similarity of (image, text) pairs via a contrastive loss.
The original implementation had two variants: one using a ResNet image encoder and the other using a Vision Transformer. This repository has the variant with the Vision Transformer.
### Documents
- [Blog Post](https://openai.com/blog/clip/)
- [CLIP Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020)
### Use with Transformers
```python3
from PIL import Image
import requests
from transformers import CLIPProcessor, CLIPModel
model = CLIPModel.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-base-patch16")
processor = CLIPProcessor.from_pretrained("openai/clip-vit-base-patch16")
url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
inputs = processor(text=["a photo of a cat", "a photo of a dog"], images=image, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
outputs = model(**inputs)
logits_per_image = outputs.logits_per_image # this is the image-text similarity score
probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=1) # we can take the softmax to get the label probabilities
```
## Model Use
### Intended Use
The model is intended as a research output for research communities. We hope that this model will enable researchers to better understand and explore zero-shot, arbitrary image classification. We also hope it can be used for interdisciplinary studies of the potential impact of such models - the CLIP paper includes a discussion of potential downstream impacts to provide an example for this sort of analysis.
#### Primary intended uses
The primary intended users of these models are AI researchers.
We primarily imagine the model will be used by researchers to better understand robustness, generalization, and other capabilities, biases, and constraints of computer vision models.
### Out-of-Scope Use Cases
**Any** deployed use case of the model - whether commercial or not - is currently out of scope. Non-deployed use cases such as image search in a constrained environment, are also not recommended unless there is thorough in-domain testing of the model with a specific, fixed class taxonomy. This is because our safety assessment demonstrated a high need for task specific testing especially given the variability of CLIP’s performance with different class taxonomies. This makes untested and unconstrained deployment of the model in any use case currently potentially harmful.
Certain use cases which would fall under the domain of surveillance and facial recognition are always out-of-scope regardless of performance of the model. This is because the use of artificial intelligence for tasks such as these can be premature currently given the lack of testing norms and checks to ensure its fair use.
Since the model has not been purposefully trained in or evaluated on any languages other than English, its use should be limited to English language use cases.
## Data
The model was trained on publicly available image-caption data. This was done through a combination of crawling a handful of websites and using commonly-used pre-existing image datasets such as [YFCC100M](http://projects.dfki.uni-kl.de/yfcc100m/). A large portion of the data comes from our crawling of the internet. This means that the data is more representative of people and societies most connected to the internet which tend to skew towards more developed nations, and younger, male users.
### Data Mission Statement
Our goal with building this dataset was to test out robustness and generalizability in computer vision tasks. As a result, the focus was on gathering large quantities of data from different publicly-available internet data sources. The data was gathered in a mostly non-interventionist manner. However, we only crawled websites that had policies against excessively violent and adult images and allowed us to filter out such content. We do not intend for this dataset to be used as the basis for any commercial or deployed model and will not be releasing the dataset.
## Performance and Limitations
### Performance
We have evaluated the performance of CLIP on a wide range of benchmarks across a variety of computer vision datasets such as OCR to texture recognition to fine-grained classification. The paper describes model performance on the following datasets:
- Food101
- CIFAR10
- CIFAR100
- Birdsnap
- SUN397
- Stanford Cars
- FGVC Aircraft
- VOC2007
- DTD
- Oxford-IIIT Pet dataset
- Caltech101
- Flowers102
- MNIST
- SVHN
- IIIT5K
- Hateful Memes
- SST-2
- UCF101
- Kinetics700
- Country211
- CLEVR Counting
- KITTI Distance
- STL-10
- RareAct
- Flickr30
- MSCOCO
- ImageNet
- ImageNet-A
- ImageNet-R
- ImageNet Sketch
- ObjectNet (ImageNet Overlap)
- Youtube-BB
- ImageNet-Vid
## Limitations
CLIP and our analysis of it have a number of limitations. CLIP currently struggles with respect to certain tasks such as fine grained classification and counting objects. CLIP also poses issues with regards to fairness and bias which we discuss in the paper and briefly in the next section. Additionally, our approach to testing CLIP also has an important limitation- in many cases we have used linear probes to evaluate the performance of CLIP and there is evidence suggesting that linear probes can underestimate model performance.
### Bias and Fairness
We find that the performance of CLIP - and the specific biases it exhibits - can depend significantly on class design and the choices one makes for categories to include and exclude. We tested the risk of certain kinds of denigration with CLIP by classifying images of people from [Fairface](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04913) into crime-related and non-human animal categories. We found significant disparities with respect to race and gender. Additionally, we found that these disparities could shift based on how the classes were constructed. (Details captured in the Broader Impacts Section in the paper).
We also tested the performance of CLIP on gender, race and age classification using the Fairface dataset (We default to using race categories as they are constructed in the Fairface dataset.) in order to assess quality of performance across different demographics. We found accuracy >96% across all races for gender classification with ‘Middle Eastern’ having the highest accuracy (98.4%) and ‘White’ having the lowest (96.5%). Additionally, CLIP averaged ~93% for racial classification and ~63% for age classification. Our use of evaluations to test for gender, race and age classification as well as denigration harms is simply to evaluate performance of the model across people and surface potential risks and not to demonstrate an endorsement/enthusiasm for such tasks.
## Feedback
### Where to send questions or comments about the model
Please use [this Google Form](https://forms.gle/Uv7afRH5dvY34ZEs9)
|
mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1 | mixedbread-ai | "2024-09-17T08:24:14" | 17,120,349 | 494 | sentence-transformers | [
"sentence-transformers",
"onnx",
"safetensors",
"gguf",
"bert",
"feature-extraction",
"mteb",
"transformers.js",
"transformers",
"en",
"license:apache-2.0",
"model-index",
"autotrain_compatible",
"text-embeddings-inference",
"endpoints_compatible",
"region:us"
] | feature-extraction | "2024-03-07T15:45:34" | ---
tags:
- mteb
- transformers.js
- transformers
model-index:
- name: mxbai-angle-large-v1
results:
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_counterfactual
name: MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: e8379541af4e31359cca9fbcf4b00f2671dba205
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 75.044776119403
- type: ap
value: 37.7362433623053
- type: f1
value: 68.92736573359774
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_polarity
name: MTEB AmazonPolarityClassification
config: default
split: test
revision: e2d317d38cd51312af73b3d32a06d1a08b442046
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 93.84025000000001
- type: ap
value: 90.93190875404055
- type: f1
value: 93.8297833897293
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_reviews_multi
name: MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: 1399c76144fd37290681b995c656ef9b2e06e26d
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 49.184
- type: f1
value: 48.74163227751588
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: arguana
name: MTEB ArguAna
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 41.252
- type: map_at_10
value: 57.778
- type: map_at_100
value: 58.233000000000004
- type: map_at_1000
value: 58.23700000000001
- type: map_at_3
value: 53.449999999999996
- type: map_at_5
value: 56.376000000000005
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 41.679
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 57.92699999999999
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 58.389
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 58.391999999999996
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 53.651
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 56.521
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 41.252
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 66.018
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 67.774
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 67.84400000000001
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 57.372
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 62.646
- type: precision_at_1
value: 41.252
- type: precision_at_10
value: 9.189
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.991
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.1
- type: precision_at_3
value: 22.902
- type: precision_at_5
value: 16.302
- type: recall_at_1
value: 41.252
- type: recall_at_10
value: 91.892
- type: recall_at_100
value: 99.14699999999999
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 99.644
- type: recall_at_3
value: 68.706
- type: recall_at_5
value: 81.50800000000001
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/arxiv-clustering-p2p
name: MTEB ArxivClusteringP2P
config: default
split: test
revision: a122ad7f3f0291bf49cc6f4d32aa80929df69d5d
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 48.97294504317859
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/arxiv-clustering-s2s
name: MTEB ArxivClusteringS2S
config: default
split: test
revision: f910caf1a6075f7329cdf8c1a6135696f37dbd53
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 42.98071077674629
- task:
type: Reranking
dataset:
type: mteb/askubuntudupquestions-reranking
name: MTEB AskUbuntuDupQuestions
config: default
split: test
revision: 2000358ca161889fa9c082cb41daa8dcfb161a54
metrics:
- type: map
value: 65.16477858490782
- type: mrr
value: 78.23583080508287
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/biosses-sts
name: MTEB BIOSSES
config: default
split: test
revision: d3fb88f8f02e40887cd149695127462bbcf29b4a
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 89.6277629421789
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 88.4056288400568
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 87.94871847578163
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 88.4056288400568
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 87.73271254229648
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 87.91826833762677
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/banking77
name: MTEB Banking77Classification
config: default
split: test
revision: 0fd18e25b25c072e09e0d92ab615fda904d66300
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 87.81818181818181
- type: f1
value: 87.79879337316918
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/biorxiv-clustering-p2p
name: MTEB BiorxivClusteringP2P
config: default
split: test
revision: 65b79d1d13f80053f67aca9498d9402c2d9f1f40
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 39.91773608582761
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/biorxiv-clustering-s2s
name: MTEB BiorxivClusteringS2S
config: default
split: test
revision: 258694dd0231531bc1fd9de6ceb52a0853c6d908
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 36.73059477462478
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackAndroidRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 32.745999999999995
- type: map_at_10
value: 43.632
- type: map_at_100
value: 45.206
- type: map_at_1000
value: 45.341
- type: map_at_3
value: 39.956
- type: map_at_5
value: 42.031
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 39.485
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 49.537
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 50.249
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 50.294000000000004
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 46.757
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 48.481
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 39.485
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 50.058
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 55.586
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 57.511
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 44.786
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 47.339999999999996
- type: precision_at_1
value: 39.485
- type: precision_at_10
value: 9.557
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.552
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.202
- type: precision_at_3
value: 21.412
- type: precision_at_5
value: 15.479000000000001
- type: recall_at_1
value: 32.745999999999995
- type: recall_at_10
value: 62.056
- type: recall_at_100
value: 85.088
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 96.952
- type: recall_at_3
value: 46.959
- type: recall_at_5
value: 54.06999999999999
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackEnglishRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 31.898
- type: map_at_10
value: 42.142
- type: map_at_100
value: 43.349
- type: map_at_1000
value: 43.483
- type: map_at_3
value: 39.18
- type: map_at_5
value: 40.733000000000004
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 39.617999999999995
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 47.922
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 48.547000000000004
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 48.597
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 45.86
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 46.949000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 39.617999999999995
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 47.739
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 51.934999999999995
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 54.007000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 43.748
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 45.345
- type: precision_at_1
value: 39.617999999999995
- type: precision_at_10
value: 8.962
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.436
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.192
- type: precision_at_3
value: 21.083
- type: precision_at_5
value: 14.752
- type: recall_at_1
value: 31.898
- type: recall_at_10
value: 57.587999999999994
- type: recall_at_100
value: 75.323
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 88.304
- type: recall_at_3
value: 45.275
- type: recall_at_5
value: 49.99
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackGamingRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 40.458
- type: map_at_10
value: 52.942
- type: map_at_100
value: 53.974
- type: map_at_1000
value: 54.031
- type: map_at_3
value: 49.559999999999995
- type: map_at_5
value: 51.408
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 46.27
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 56.31699999999999
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 56.95099999999999
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 56.98
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 53.835
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 55.252
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 46.27
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 58.964000000000006
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 62.875
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 63.969
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 53.297000000000004
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 55.938
- type: precision_at_1
value: 46.27
- type: precision_at_10
value: 9.549000000000001
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.2409999999999999
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.13799999999999998
- type: precision_at_3
value: 23.762
- type: precision_at_5
value: 16.262999999999998
- type: recall_at_1
value: 40.458
- type: recall_at_10
value: 73.446
- type: recall_at_100
value: 90.12400000000001
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 97.795
- type: recall_at_3
value: 58.123000000000005
- type: recall_at_5
value: 64.68
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackGisRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 27.443
- type: map_at_10
value: 36.081
- type: map_at_100
value: 37.163000000000004
- type: map_at_1000
value: 37.232
- type: map_at_3
value: 33.308
- type: map_at_5
value: 34.724
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 29.492
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 38.138
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 39.065
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 39.119
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 35.593
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 36.785000000000004
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 29.492
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 41.134
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 46.300999999999995
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 48.106
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 35.77
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 38.032
- type: precision_at_1
value: 29.492
- type: precision_at_10
value: 6.249
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.9299999999999999
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.11199999999999999
- type: precision_at_3
value: 15.065999999999999
- type: precision_at_5
value: 10.373000000000001
- type: recall_at_1
value: 27.443
- type: recall_at_10
value: 54.80199999999999
- type: recall_at_100
value: 78.21900000000001
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 91.751
- type: recall_at_3
value: 40.211000000000006
- type: recall_at_5
value: 45.599000000000004
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackMathematicaRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 18.731
- type: map_at_10
value: 26.717999999999996
- type: map_at_100
value: 27.897
- type: map_at_1000
value: 28.029
- type: map_at_3
value: 23.91
- type: map_at_5
value: 25.455
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 23.134
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 31.769
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 32.634
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 32.707
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 28.938999999999997
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 30.531000000000002
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 23.134
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 32.249
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 37.678
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 40.589999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 26.985999999999997
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 29.457
- type: precision_at_1
value: 23.134
- type: precision_at_10
value: 5.8709999999999996
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.988
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.13799999999999998
- type: precision_at_3
value: 12.852
- type: precision_at_5
value: 9.428
- type: recall_at_1
value: 18.731
- type: recall_at_10
value: 44.419
- type: recall_at_100
value: 67.851
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 88.103
- type: recall_at_3
value: 29.919
- type: recall_at_5
value: 36.230000000000004
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackPhysicsRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 30.324
- type: map_at_10
value: 41.265
- type: map_at_100
value: 42.559000000000005
- type: map_at_1000
value: 42.669000000000004
- type: map_at_3
value: 38.138
- type: map_at_5
value: 39.881
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 36.67
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 46.774
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 47.554
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 47.593
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 44.338
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 45.723
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 36.67
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 47.367
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 52.623
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 54.59
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 42.323
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 44.727
- type: precision_at_1
value: 36.67
- type: precision_at_10
value: 8.518
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.2890000000000001
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.163
- type: precision_at_3
value: 19.955000000000002
- type: precision_at_5
value: 14.11
- type: recall_at_1
value: 30.324
- type: recall_at_10
value: 59.845000000000006
- type: recall_at_100
value: 81.77499999999999
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 94.463
- type: recall_at_3
value: 46.019
- type: recall_at_5
value: 52.163000000000004
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackProgrammersRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 24.229
- type: map_at_10
value: 35.004000000000005
- type: map_at_100
value: 36.409000000000006
- type: map_at_1000
value: 36.521
- type: map_at_3
value: 31.793
- type: map_at_5
value: 33.432
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 30.365
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 40.502
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 41.372
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 41.435
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 37.804
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 39.226
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 30.365
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 41.305
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 47.028999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 49.375
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 35.85
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 38.12
- type: precision_at_1
value: 30.365
- type: precision_at_10
value: 7.808
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.228
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.161
- type: precision_at_3
value: 17.352
- type: precision_at_5
value: 12.42
- type: recall_at_1
value: 24.229
- type: recall_at_10
value: 54.673
- type: recall_at_100
value: 78.766
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 94.625
- type: recall_at_3
value: 39.602
- type: recall_at_5
value: 45.558
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 26.695
- type: map_at_10
value: 36.0895
- type: map_at_100
value: 37.309416666666664
- type: map_at_1000
value: 37.42558333333334
- type: map_at_3
value: 33.19616666666666
- type: map_at_5
value: 34.78641666666667
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 31.486083333333337
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 40.34774999999999
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 41.17533333333333
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 41.231583333333326
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 37.90075
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 39.266999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 31.486083333333337
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 41.60433333333334
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 46.74525
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 48.96166666666667
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 36.68825
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 38.966499999999996
- type: precision_at_1
value: 31.486083333333337
- type: precision_at_10
value: 7.29675
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.1621666666666666
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.1545
- type: precision_at_3
value: 16.8815
- type: precision_at_5
value: 11.974583333333333
- type: recall_at_1
value: 26.695
- type: recall_at_10
value: 53.651916666666665
- type: recall_at_100
value: 76.12083333333332
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 91.31191666666668
- type: recall_at_3
value: 40.03575
- type: recall_at_5
value: 45.876666666666665
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackStatsRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 25.668000000000003
- type: map_at_10
value: 32.486
- type: map_at_100
value: 33.371
- type: map_at_1000
value: 33.458
- type: map_at_3
value: 30.261
- type: map_at_5
value: 31.418000000000003
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 28.988000000000003
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 35.414
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 36.149
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 36.215
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 33.333
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 34.43
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 28.988000000000003
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 36.732
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 41.331
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 43.575
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 32.413
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 34.316
- type: precision_at_1
value: 28.988000000000003
- type: precision_at_10
value: 5.7059999999999995
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.882
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.11299999999999999
- type: precision_at_3
value: 13.65
- type: precision_at_5
value: 9.417
- type: recall_at_1
value: 25.668000000000003
- type: recall_at_10
value: 47.147
- type: recall_at_100
value: 68.504
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 85.272
- type: recall_at_3
value: 35.19
- type: recall_at_5
value: 39.925
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackTexRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 17.256
- type: map_at_10
value: 24.58
- type: map_at_100
value: 25.773000000000003
- type: map_at_1000
value: 25.899
- type: map_at_3
value: 22.236
- type: map_at_5
value: 23.507
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 20.957
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 28.416000000000004
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 29.447000000000003
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 29.524
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 26.245
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 27.451999999999998
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 20.957
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 29.285
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 35.003
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 37.881
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 25.063000000000002
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 26.983
- type: precision_at_1
value: 20.957
- type: precision_at_10
value: 5.344
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.958
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.13799999999999998
- type: precision_at_3
value: 11.918
- type: precision_at_5
value: 8.596
- type: recall_at_1
value: 17.256
- type: recall_at_10
value: 39.644
- type: recall_at_100
value: 65.279
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 85.693
- type: recall_at_3
value: 27.825
- type: recall_at_5
value: 32.792
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackUnixRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 26.700000000000003
- type: map_at_10
value: 36.205999999999996
- type: map_at_100
value: 37.316
- type: map_at_1000
value: 37.425000000000004
- type: map_at_3
value: 33.166000000000004
- type: map_at_5
value: 35.032999999999994
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 31.436999999999998
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 40.61
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 41.415
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 41.48
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 37.966
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 39.599000000000004
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 31.436999999999998
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 41.771
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 46.784
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 49.183
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 36.437000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 39.291
- type: precision_at_1
value: 31.436999999999998
- type: precision_at_10
value: 6.987
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.072
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.13899999999999998
- type: precision_at_3
value: 16.448999999999998
- type: precision_at_5
value: 11.866
- type: recall_at_1
value: 26.700000000000003
- type: recall_at_10
value: 54.301
- type: recall_at_100
value: 75.871
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 92.529
- type: recall_at_3
value: 40.201
- type: recall_at_5
value: 47.208
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackWebmastersRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 24.296
- type: map_at_10
value: 33.116
- type: map_at_100
value: 34.81
- type: map_at_1000
value: 35.032000000000004
- type: map_at_3
value: 30.105999999999998
- type: map_at_5
value: 31.839000000000002
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 29.051
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 37.803
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 38.856
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 38.903999999999996
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 35.211
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 36.545
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 29.051
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 39.007
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 45.321
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 47.665
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 34.1
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 36.437000000000005
- type: precision_at_1
value: 29.051
- type: precision_at_10
value: 7.668
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.542
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.24
- type: precision_at_3
value: 16.14
- type: precision_at_5
value: 11.897
- type: recall_at_1
value: 24.296
- type: recall_at_10
value: 49.85
- type: recall_at_100
value: 78.457
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 92.618
- type: recall_at_3
value: 36.138999999999996
- type: recall_at_5
value: 42.223
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: BeIR/cqadupstack
name: MTEB CQADupstackWordpressRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 20.591
- type: map_at_10
value: 28.902
- type: map_at_100
value: 29.886000000000003
- type: map_at_1000
value: 29.987000000000002
- type: map_at_3
value: 26.740000000000002
- type: map_at_5
value: 27.976
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 22.366
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 30.971
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 31.865
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 31.930999999999997
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 28.927999999999997
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 30.231
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 22.366
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 33.641
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 38.477
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 41.088
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 29.486
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 31.612000000000002
- type: precision_at_1
value: 22.366
- type: precision_at_10
value: 5.3420000000000005
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.828
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.11800000000000001
- type: precision_at_3
value: 12.939
- type: precision_at_5
value: 9.094
- type: recall_at_1
value: 20.591
- type: recall_at_10
value: 46.052
- type: recall_at_100
value: 68.193
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 87.638
- type: recall_at_3
value: 34.966
- type: recall_at_5
value: 40.082
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: climate-fever
name: MTEB ClimateFEVER
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 15.091
- type: map_at_10
value: 26.38
- type: map_at_100
value: 28.421999999999997
- type: map_at_1000
value: 28.621999999999996
- type: map_at_3
value: 21.597
- type: map_at_5
value: 24.12
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 34.266999999999996
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 46.864
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 47.617
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 47.644
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 43.312
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 45.501000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 34.266999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 36.095
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 43.447
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 46.661
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 29.337999999999997
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 31.824
- type: precision_at_1
value: 34.266999999999996
- type: precision_at_10
value: 11.472
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.944
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.255
- type: precision_at_3
value: 21.933
- type: precision_at_5
value: 17.224999999999998
- type: recall_at_1
value: 15.091
- type: recall_at_10
value: 43.022
- type: recall_at_100
value: 68.075
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 85.76
- type: recall_at_3
value: 26.564
- type: recall_at_5
value: 33.594
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: dbpedia-entity
name: MTEB DBPedia
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 9.252
- type: map_at_10
value: 20.923
- type: map_at_100
value: 30.741000000000003
- type: map_at_1000
value: 32.542
- type: map_at_3
value: 14.442
- type: map_at_5
value: 17.399
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 70.25
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 78.17
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 78.444
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 78.45100000000001
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 76.958
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 77.571
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 58.375
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 44.509
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 49.897999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 57.269999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 48.64
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 46.697
- type: precision_at_1
value: 70.25
- type: precision_at_10
value: 36.05
- type: precision_at_100
value: 11.848
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 2.213
- type: precision_at_3
value: 52.917
- type: precision_at_5
value: 45.7
- type: recall_at_1
value: 9.252
- type: recall_at_10
value: 27.006999999999998
- type: recall_at_100
value: 57.008
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 80.697
- type: recall_at_3
value: 15.798000000000002
- type: recall_at_5
value: 20.4
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/emotion
name: MTEB EmotionClassification
config: default
split: test
revision: 4f58c6b202a23cf9a4da393831edf4f9183cad37
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 50.88
- type: f1
value: 45.545495028653384
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: fever
name: MTEB FEVER
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 75.424
- type: map_at_10
value: 83.435
- type: map_at_100
value: 83.66900000000001
- type: map_at_1000
value: 83.685
- type: map_at_3
value: 82.39800000000001
- type: map_at_5
value: 83.07
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 81.113
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 87.77199999999999
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 87.862
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 87.86500000000001
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 87.17099999999999
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 87.616
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 81.113
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 86.909
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 87.746
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 88.017
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 85.368
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 86.28099999999999
- type: precision_at_1
value: 81.113
- type: precision_at_10
value: 10.363
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.102
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.11399999999999999
- type: precision_at_3
value: 32.507999999999996
- type: precision_at_5
value: 20.138
- type: recall_at_1
value: 75.424
- type: recall_at_10
value: 93.258
- type: recall_at_100
value: 96.545
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 98.284
- type: recall_at_3
value: 89.083
- type: recall_at_5
value: 91.445
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: fiqa
name: MTEB FiQA2018
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 22.532
- type: map_at_10
value: 37.141999999999996
- type: map_at_100
value: 39.162
- type: map_at_1000
value: 39.322
- type: map_at_3
value: 32.885
- type: map_at_5
value: 35.093999999999994
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 44.29
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 53.516
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 54.24
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 54.273
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 51.286
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 52.413
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 44.29
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 45.268
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 52.125
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 54.778000000000006
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 41.829
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 42.525
- type: precision_at_1
value: 44.29
- type: precision_at_10
value: 12.5
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.9720000000000002
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.245
- type: precision_at_3
value: 28.035
- type: precision_at_5
value: 20.093
- type: recall_at_1
value: 22.532
- type: recall_at_10
value: 52.419000000000004
- type: recall_at_100
value: 77.43299999999999
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 93.379
- type: recall_at_3
value: 38.629000000000005
- type: recall_at_5
value: 43.858000000000004
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: hotpotqa
name: MTEB HotpotQA
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 39.359
- type: map_at_10
value: 63.966
- type: map_at_100
value: 64.87
- type: map_at_1000
value: 64.92599999999999
- type: map_at_3
value: 60.409
- type: map_at_5
value: 62.627
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 78.717
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 84.468
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 84.655
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 84.661
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 83.554
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 84.133
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 78.717
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 72.03399999999999
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 75.158
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 76.197
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 67.049
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 69.808
- type: precision_at_1
value: 78.717
- type: precision_at_10
value: 15.201
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.764
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.19
- type: precision_at_3
value: 43.313
- type: precision_at_5
value: 28.165000000000003
- type: recall_at_1
value: 39.359
- type: recall_at_10
value: 76.003
- type: recall_at_100
value: 88.197
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 95.003
- type: recall_at_3
value: 64.97
- type: recall_at_5
value: 70.41199999999999
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/imdb
name: MTEB ImdbClassification
config: default
split: test
revision: 3d86128a09e091d6018b6d26cad27f2739fc2db7
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 92.83200000000001
- type: ap
value: 89.33560571859861
- type: f1
value: 92.82322915005167
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: msmarco
name: MTEB MSMARCO
config: default
split: dev
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 21.983
- type: map_at_10
value: 34.259
- type: map_at_100
value: 35.432
- type: map_at_1000
value: 35.482
- type: map_at_3
value: 30.275999999999996
- type: map_at_5
value: 32.566
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 22.579
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 34.882999999999996
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 35.984
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 36.028
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 30.964999999999996
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 33.245000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 22.564
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 41.258
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 46.824
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 48.037
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 33.17
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 37.263000000000005
- type: precision_at_1
value: 22.564
- type: precision_at_10
value: 6.572
- type: precision_at_100
value: 0.935
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.104
- type: precision_at_3
value: 14.130999999999998
- type: precision_at_5
value: 10.544
- type: recall_at_1
value: 21.983
- type: recall_at_10
value: 62.775000000000006
- type: recall_at_100
value: 88.389
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 97.603
- type: recall_at_3
value: 40.878
- type: recall_at_5
value: 50.690000000000005
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/mtop_domain
name: MTEB MTOPDomainClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: d80d48c1eb48d3562165c59d59d0034df9fff0bf
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 93.95120839033288
- type: f1
value: 93.73824125055208
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/mtop_intent
name: MTEB MTOPIntentClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: ae001d0e6b1228650b7bd1c2c65fb50ad11a8aba
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 76.78978568171455
- type: f1
value: 57.50180552858304
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_massive_intent
name: MTEB MassiveIntentClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: 31efe3c427b0bae9c22cbb560b8f15491cc6bed7
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 76.24411566913248
- type: f1
value: 74.37851403532832
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_massive_scenario
name: MTEB MassiveScenarioClassification (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: 7d571f92784cd94a019292a1f45445077d0ef634
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 79.94620040349699
- type: f1
value: 80.21293397970435
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/medrxiv-clustering-p2p
name: MTEB MedrxivClusteringP2P
config: default
split: test
revision: e7a26af6f3ae46b30dde8737f02c07b1505bcc73
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 33.44403096245675
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/medrxiv-clustering-s2s
name: MTEB MedrxivClusteringS2S
config: default
split: test
revision: 35191c8c0dca72d8ff3efcd72aa802307d469663
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 31.659594631336812
- task:
type: Reranking
dataset:
type: mteb/mind_small
name: MTEB MindSmallReranking
config: default
split: test
revision: 3bdac13927fdc888b903db93b2ffdbd90b295a69
metrics:
- type: map
value: 32.53833075108798
- type: mrr
value: 33.78840823218308
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: nfcorpus
name: MTEB NFCorpus
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 7.185999999999999
- type: map_at_10
value: 15.193999999999999
- type: map_at_100
value: 19.538
- type: map_at_1000
value: 21.178
- type: map_at_3
value: 11.208
- type: map_at_5
value: 12.745999999999999
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 48.916
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 58.141
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 58.656
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 58.684999999999995
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 55.521
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 57.239
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 47.059
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 38.644
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 36.272999999999996
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 44.996
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 43.293
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 40.819
- type: precision_at_1
value: 48.916
- type: precision_at_10
value: 28.607
- type: precision_at_100
value: 9.195
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 2.225
- type: precision_at_3
value: 40.454
- type: precision_at_5
value: 34.985
- type: recall_at_1
value: 7.185999999999999
- type: recall_at_10
value: 19.654
- type: recall_at_100
value: 37.224000000000004
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 68.663
- type: recall_at_3
value: 12.158
- type: recall_at_5
value: 14.674999999999999
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: nq
name: MTEB NQ
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 31.552000000000003
- type: map_at_10
value: 47.75
- type: map_at_100
value: 48.728
- type: map_at_1000
value: 48.754
- type: map_at_3
value: 43.156
- type: map_at_5
value: 45.883
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 35.66
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 50.269
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 50.974
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 50.991
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 46.519
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 48.764
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 35.632000000000005
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 55.786
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 59.748999999999995
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 60.339
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 47.292
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 51.766999999999996
- type: precision_at_1
value: 35.632000000000005
- type: precision_at_10
value: 9.267
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.149
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.12
- type: precision_at_3
value: 21.601
- type: precision_at_5
value: 15.539
- type: recall_at_1
value: 31.552000000000003
- type: recall_at_10
value: 77.62400000000001
- type: recall_at_100
value: 94.527
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 98.919
- type: recall_at_3
value: 55.898
- type: recall_at_5
value: 66.121
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: quora
name: MTEB QuoraRetrieval
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 71.414
- type: map_at_10
value: 85.37400000000001
- type: map_at_100
value: 86.01100000000001
- type: map_at_1000
value: 86.027
- type: map_at_3
value: 82.562
- type: map_at_5
value: 84.284
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 82.24000000000001
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 88.225
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 88.324
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 88.325
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 87.348
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 87.938
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 82.24000000000001
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 88.97699999999999
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 90.16
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 90.236
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 86.371
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 87.746
- type: precision_at_1
value: 82.24000000000001
- type: precision_at_10
value: 13.481000000000002
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.534
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.157
- type: precision_at_3
value: 37.86
- type: precision_at_5
value: 24.738
- type: recall_at_1
value: 71.414
- type: recall_at_10
value: 95.735
- type: recall_at_100
value: 99.696
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 99.979
- type: recall_at_3
value: 88.105
- type: recall_at_5
value: 92.17999999999999
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/reddit-clustering
name: MTEB RedditClustering
config: default
split: test
revision: 24640382cdbf8abc73003fb0fa6d111a705499eb
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 60.22146692057259
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/reddit-clustering-p2p
name: MTEB RedditClusteringP2P
config: default
split: test
revision: 282350215ef01743dc01b456c7f5241fa8937f16
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 65.29273320614578
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: scidocs
name: MTEB SCIDOCS
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 5.023
- type: map_at_10
value: 14.161000000000001
- type: map_at_100
value: 16.68
- type: map_at_1000
value: 17.072000000000003
- type: map_at_3
value: 9.763
- type: map_at_5
value: 11.977
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 24.8
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 37.602999999999994
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 38.618
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 38.659
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 34.117
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 36.082
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 24.8
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 23.316
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 32.613
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 38.609
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 21.697
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 19.241
- type: precision_at_1
value: 24.8
- type: precision_at_10
value: 12.36
- type: precision_at_100
value: 2.593
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.402
- type: precision_at_3
value: 20.767
- type: precision_at_5
value: 17.34
- type: recall_at_1
value: 5.023
- type: recall_at_10
value: 25.069999999999997
- type: recall_at_100
value: 52.563
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 81.525
- type: recall_at_3
value: 12.613
- type: recall_at_5
value: 17.583
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sickr-sts
name: MTEB SICK-R
config: default
split: test
revision: a6ea5a8cab320b040a23452cc28066d9beae2cee
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 87.71506247604255
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 82.91813463738802
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 85.5154616194479
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 82.91815254466314
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 85.5280917850374
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 82.92276537286398
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts12-sts
name: MTEB STS12
config: default
split: test
revision: a0d554a64d88156834ff5ae9920b964011b16384
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 87.43772054228462
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 78.75750601716682
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 85.76074482955764
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 78.75651057223058
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 85.73390291701668
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 78.72699385957797
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts13-sts
name: MTEB STS13
config: default
split: test
revision: 7e90230a92c190f1bf69ae9002b8cea547a64cca
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 89.58144067172472
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 90.3524512966946
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 89.71365391594237
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 90.35239632843408
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 89.66905421746478
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 90.31508211683513
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts14-sts
name: MTEB STS14
config: default
split: test
revision: 6031580fec1f6af667f0bd2da0a551cf4f0b2375
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 87.77692637102102
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 85.45710562643485
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 87.42456979928723
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 85.45709386240908
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 87.40754529526272
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 85.44834854173303
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts15-sts
name: MTEB STS15
config: default
split: test
revision: ae752c7c21bf194d8b67fd573edf7ae58183cbe3
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 88.28491331695997
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 89.62037029566964
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 89.02479391362826
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 89.62036733618466
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 89.00394756040342
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 89.60867744215236
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts16-sts
name: MTEB STS16
config: default
split: test
revision: 4d8694f8f0e0100860b497b999b3dbed754a0513
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 85.08911381280191
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 86.5791780765767
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 86.16063473577861
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 86.57917745378766
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 86.13677924604175
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 86.56115615768685
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts17-crosslingual-sts
name: MTEB STS17 (en-en)
config: en-en
split: test
revision: af5e6fb845001ecf41f4c1e033ce921939a2a68d
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 89.58029496205235
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 89.49551253826998
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 90.13714840963748
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 89.49551253826998
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 90.13039633601363
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 89.4513453745516
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts22-crosslingual-sts
name: MTEB STS22 (en)
config: en
split: test
revision: 6d1ba47164174a496b7fa5d3569dae26a6813b80
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 69.01546399666435
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 69.33824484595624
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 70.76511642998874
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 69.33824484595624
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 70.84320785047453
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 69.54233632223537
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/stsbenchmark-sts
name: MTEB STSBenchmark
config: default
split: test
revision: b0fddb56ed78048fa8b90373c8a3cfc37b684831
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 87.26389196390119
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 89.09721478341385
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 88.97208685922517
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 89.09720927308881
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 88.97513670502573
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 89.07647853984004
- task:
type: Reranking
dataset:
type: mteb/scidocs-reranking
name: MTEB SciDocsRR
config: default
split: test
revision: d3c5e1fc0b855ab6097bf1cda04dd73947d7caab
metrics:
- type: map
value: 87.53075025771936
- type: mrr
value: 96.24327651288436
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: scifact
name: MTEB SciFact
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 60.428000000000004
- type: map_at_10
value: 70.088
- type: map_at_100
value: 70.589
- type: map_at_1000
value: 70.614
- type: map_at_3
value: 67.191
- type: map_at_5
value: 68.515
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 63.333
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 71.13000000000001
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 71.545
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 71.569
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 68.944
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 70.078
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 63.333
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 74.72800000000001
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 76.64999999999999
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 77.176
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 69.659
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 71.626
- type: precision_at_1
value: 63.333
- type: precision_at_10
value: 10
- type: precision_at_100
value: 1.09
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 0.11299999999999999
- type: precision_at_3
value: 27.111
- type: precision_at_5
value: 17.666999999999998
- type: recall_at_1
value: 60.428000000000004
- type: recall_at_10
value: 87.98899999999999
- type: recall_at_100
value: 96.167
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 100
- type: recall_at_3
value: 74.006
- type: recall_at_5
value: 79.05
- task:
type: PairClassification
dataset:
type: mteb/sprintduplicatequestions-pairclassification
name: MTEB SprintDuplicateQuestions
config: default
split: test
revision: d66bd1f72af766a5cc4b0ca5e00c162f89e8cc46
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_accuracy
value: 99.87326732673267
- type: cos_sim_ap
value: 96.81770773701805
- type: cos_sim_f1
value: 93.6318407960199
- type: cos_sim_precision
value: 93.16831683168317
- type: cos_sim_recall
value: 94.1
- type: dot_accuracy
value: 99.87326732673267
- type: dot_ap
value: 96.8174218946665
- type: dot_f1
value: 93.6318407960199
- type: dot_precision
value: 93.16831683168317
- type: dot_recall
value: 94.1
- type: euclidean_accuracy
value: 99.87326732673267
- type: euclidean_ap
value: 96.81770773701807
- type: euclidean_f1
value: 93.6318407960199
- type: euclidean_precision
value: 93.16831683168317
- type: euclidean_recall
value: 94.1
- type: manhattan_accuracy
value: 99.87227722772278
- type: manhattan_ap
value: 96.83164126821747
- type: manhattan_f1
value: 93.54677338669335
- type: manhattan_precision
value: 93.5935935935936
- type: manhattan_recall
value: 93.5
- type: max_accuracy
value: 99.87326732673267
- type: max_ap
value: 96.83164126821747
- type: max_f1
value: 93.6318407960199
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/stackexchange-clustering
name: MTEB StackExchangeClustering
config: default
split: test
revision: 6cbc1f7b2bc0622f2e39d2c77fa502909748c259
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 65.6212042420246
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/stackexchange-clustering-p2p
name: MTEB StackExchangeClusteringP2P
config: default
split: test
revision: 815ca46b2622cec33ccafc3735d572c266efdb44
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 35.779230635982564
- task:
type: Reranking
dataset:
type: mteb/stackoverflowdupquestions-reranking
name: MTEB StackOverflowDupQuestions
config: default
split: test
revision: e185fbe320c72810689fc5848eb6114e1ef5ec69
metrics:
- type: map
value: 55.217701909036286
- type: mrr
value: 56.17658995416349
- task:
type: Summarization
dataset:
type: mteb/summeval
name: MTEB SummEval
config: default
split: test
revision: cda12ad7615edc362dbf25a00fdd61d3b1eaf93c
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 30.954206018888453
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 32.71062599450096
- type: dot_pearson
value: 30.95420929056943
- type: dot_spearman
value: 32.71062599450096
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: trec-covid
name: MTEB TRECCOVID
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 0.22699999999999998
- type: map_at_10
value: 1.924
- type: map_at_100
value: 10.525
- type: map_at_1000
value: 24.973
- type: map_at_3
value: 0.638
- type: map_at_5
value: 1.0659999999999998
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 84
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 91.067
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 91.067
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 91.067
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 90.667
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 91.067
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 81
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 75.566
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 56.387
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 49.834
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 80.899
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 80.75099999999999
- type: precision_at_1
value: 84
- type: precision_at_10
value: 79
- type: precision_at_100
value: 57.56
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 21.8
- type: precision_at_3
value: 84.667
- type: precision_at_5
value: 85.2
- type: recall_at_1
value: 0.22699999999999998
- type: recall_at_10
value: 2.136
- type: recall_at_100
value: 13.861
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 46.299
- type: recall_at_3
value: 0.6649999999999999
- type: recall_at_5
value: 1.145
- task:
type: Retrieval
dataset:
type: webis-touche2020
name: MTEB Touche2020
config: default
split: test
revision: None
metrics:
- type: map_at_1
value: 2.752
- type: map_at_10
value: 9.951
- type: map_at_100
value: 16.794999999999998
- type: map_at_1000
value: 18.251
- type: map_at_3
value: 5.288
- type: map_at_5
value: 6.954000000000001
- type: mrr_at_1
value: 38.775999999999996
- type: mrr_at_10
value: 50.458000000000006
- type: mrr_at_100
value: 51.324999999999996
- type: mrr_at_1000
value: 51.339999999999996
- type: mrr_at_3
value: 46.939
- type: mrr_at_5
value: 47.857
- type: ndcg_at_1
value: 36.735
- type: ndcg_at_10
value: 25.198999999999998
- type: ndcg_at_100
value: 37.938
- type: ndcg_at_1000
value: 49.145
- type: ndcg_at_3
value: 29.348000000000003
- type: ndcg_at_5
value: 25.804
- type: precision_at_1
value: 38.775999999999996
- type: precision_at_10
value: 22.041
- type: precision_at_100
value: 7.939
- type: precision_at_1000
value: 1.555
- type: precision_at_3
value: 29.932
- type: precision_at_5
value: 24.490000000000002
- type: recall_at_1
value: 2.752
- type: recall_at_10
value: 16.197
- type: recall_at_100
value: 49.166
- type: recall_at_1000
value: 84.18900000000001
- type: recall_at_3
value: 6.438000000000001
- type: recall_at_5
value: 9.093
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/toxic_conversations_50k
name: MTEB ToxicConversationsClassification
config: default
split: test
revision: d7c0de2777da35d6aae2200a62c6e0e5af397c4c
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 71.47980000000001
- type: ap
value: 14.605194452178754
- type: f1
value: 55.07362924988948
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/tweet_sentiment_extraction
name: MTEB TweetSentimentExtractionClassification
config: default
split: test
revision: d604517c81ca91fe16a244d1248fc021f9ecee7a
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 59.708545557441994
- type: f1
value: 60.04751270975683
- task:
type: Clustering
dataset:
type: mteb/twentynewsgroups-clustering
name: MTEB TwentyNewsgroupsClustering
config: default
split: test
revision: 6125ec4e24fa026cec8a478383ee943acfbd5449
metrics:
- type: v_measure
value: 53.21105960597211
- task:
type: PairClassification
dataset:
type: mteb/twittersemeval2015-pairclassification
name: MTEB TwitterSemEval2015
config: default
split: test
revision: 70970daeab8776df92f5ea462b6173c0b46fd2d1
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_accuracy
value: 87.58419264469214
- type: cos_sim_ap
value: 78.55300004517404
- type: cos_sim_f1
value: 71.49673530889001
- type: cos_sim_precision
value: 68.20795400095831
- type: cos_sim_recall
value: 75.11873350923483
- type: dot_accuracy
value: 87.58419264469214
- type: dot_ap
value: 78.55297659559511
- type: dot_f1
value: 71.49673530889001
- type: dot_precision
value: 68.20795400095831
- type: dot_recall
value: 75.11873350923483
- type: euclidean_accuracy
value: 87.58419264469214
- type: euclidean_ap
value: 78.55300477331477
- type: euclidean_f1
value: 71.49673530889001
- type: euclidean_precision
value: 68.20795400095831
- type: euclidean_recall
value: 75.11873350923483
- type: manhattan_accuracy
value: 87.5663110210407
- type: manhattan_ap
value: 78.49982050876562
- type: manhattan_f1
value: 71.35488740722104
- type: manhattan_precision
value: 68.18946862226497
- type: manhattan_recall
value: 74.82849604221636
- type: max_accuracy
value: 87.58419264469214
- type: max_ap
value: 78.55300477331477
- type: max_f1
value: 71.49673530889001
- task:
type: PairClassification
dataset:
type: mteb/twitterurlcorpus-pairclassification
name: MTEB TwitterURLCorpus
config: default
split: test
revision: 8b6510b0b1fa4e4c4f879467980e9be563ec1cdf
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_accuracy
value: 89.09069740365584
- type: cos_sim_ap
value: 86.22749303724757
- type: cos_sim_f1
value: 78.36863452005407
- type: cos_sim_precision
value: 76.49560117302053
- type: cos_sim_recall
value: 80.33569448721897
- type: dot_accuracy
value: 89.09069740365584
- type: dot_ap
value: 86.22750233655673
- type: dot_f1
value: 78.36863452005407
- type: dot_precision
value: 76.49560117302053
- type: dot_recall
value: 80.33569448721897
- type: euclidean_accuracy
value: 89.09069740365584
- type: euclidean_ap
value: 86.22749355597347
- type: euclidean_f1
value: 78.36863452005407
- type: euclidean_precision
value: 76.49560117302053
- type: euclidean_recall
value: 80.33569448721897
- type: manhattan_accuracy
value: 89.08293553770326
- type: manhattan_ap
value: 86.21913616084771
- type: manhattan_f1
value: 78.3907031479847
- type: manhattan_precision
value: 75.0352013517319
- type: manhattan_recall
value: 82.06036341238065
- type: max_accuracy
value: 89.09069740365584
- type: max_ap
value: 86.22750233655673
- type: max_f1
value: 78.3907031479847
license: apache-2.0
language:
- en
library_name: sentence-transformers
pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
---
<br><br>
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</p>
<p align="center">
<b>The crispy sentence embedding family from <a href="https://mixedbread.ai"><b>Mixedbread</b></a>.</b>
</p>
# mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1
Here, we provide several ways to produce sentence embeddings. Please note that you have to provide the prompt `Represent this sentence for searching relevant passages:` for query if you want to use it for retrieval. Besides that you don't need any prompt. Our model also supports [Matryoshka Representation Learning and binary quantization](https://www.mixedbread.ai/blog/binary-mrl).
## Quickstart
Here, we provide several ways to produce sentence embeddings. Please note that you have to provide the prompt `Represent this sentence for searching relevant passages:` for query if you want to use it for retrieval. Besides that you don't need any prompt.
### sentence-transformers
```
python -m pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
from sentence_transformers.util import cos_sim
from sentence_transformers.quantization import quantize_embeddings
# 1. Specify preffered dimensions
dimensions = 512
# 2. load model
model = SentenceTransformer("mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1", truncate_dim=dimensions)
# For retrieval you need to pass this prompt.
query = 'Represent this sentence for searching relevant passages: A man is eating a piece of bread'
docs = [
query,
"A man is eating food.",
"A man is eating pasta.",
"The girl is carrying a baby.",
"A man is riding a horse.",
]
# 2. Encode
embeddings = model.encode(docs)
# Optional: Quantize the embeddings
binary_embeddings = quantize_embeddings(embeddings, precision="ubinary")
similarities = cos_sim(embeddings[0], embeddings[1:])
print('similarities:', similarities)
```
### Transformers
```python
from typing import Dict
import torch
import numpy as np
from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer
from sentence_transformers.util import cos_sim
# For retrieval you need to pass this prompt. Please find our more in our blog post.
def transform_query(query: str) -> str:
""" For retrieval, add the prompt for query (not for documents).
"""
return f'Represent this sentence for searching relevant passages: {query}'
# The model works really well with cls pooling (default) but also with mean pooling.
def pooling(outputs: torch.Tensor, inputs: Dict, strategy: str = 'cls') -> np.ndarray:
if strategy == 'cls':
outputs = outputs[:, 0]
elif strategy == 'mean':
outputs = torch.sum(
outputs * inputs["attention_mask"][:, :, None], dim=1) / torch.sum(inputs["attention_mask"], dim=1, keepdim=True)
else:
raise NotImplementedError
return outputs.detach().cpu().numpy()
# 1. load model
model_id = 'mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1'
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(model_id).cuda()
docs = [
transform_query('A man is eating a piece of bread'),
"A man is eating food.",
"A man is eating pasta.",
"The girl is carrying a baby.",
"A man is riding a horse.",
]
# 2. encode
inputs = tokenizer(docs, padding=True, return_tensors='pt')
for k, v in inputs.items():
inputs[k] = v.cuda()
outputs = model(**inputs).last_hidden_state
embeddings = pooling(outputs, inputs, 'cls')
similarities = cos_sim(embeddings[0], embeddings[1:])
print('similarities:', similarities)
```
### Transformers.js
If you haven't already, you can install the [Transformers.js](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers.js) JavaScript library from [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@xenova/transformers) using:
```bash
npm i @xenova/transformers
```
You can then use the model to compute embeddings like this:
```js
import { pipeline, cos_sim } from '@xenova/transformers';
// Create a feature extraction pipeline
const extractor = await pipeline('feature-extraction', 'mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1', {
quantized: false, // Comment out this line to use the quantized version
});
// Generate sentence embeddings
const docs = [
'Represent this sentence for searching relevant passages: A man is eating a piece of bread',
'A man is eating food.',
'A man is eating pasta.',
'The girl is carrying a baby.',
'A man is riding a horse.',
]
const output = await extractor(docs, { pooling: 'cls' });
// Compute similarity scores
const [source_embeddings, ...document_embeddings ] = output.tolist();
const similarities = document_embeddings.map(x => cos_sim(source_embeddings, x));
console.log(similarities); // [0.7919578577247139, 0.6369278664248345, 0.16512018371357193, 0.3620778366720027]
```
### Using API
You can use the model via our API as follows:
```python
from mixedbread_ai.client import MixedbreadAI, EncodingFormat
from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity
import os
mxbai = MixedbreadAI(api_key="{MIXEDBREAD_API_KEY}")
english_sentences = [
'What is the capital of Australia?',
'Canberra is the capital of Australia.'
]
res = mxbai.embeddings(
input=english_sentences,
model="mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-large-v1",
normalized=True,
encoding_format=[EncodingFormat.FLOAT, EncodingFormat.UBINARY, EncodingFormat.INT_8],
dimensions=512
)
encoded_embeddings = res.data[0].embedding
print(res.dimensions, encoded_embeddings.ubinary, encoded_embeddings.float_, encoded_embeddings.int_8)
```
The API comes with native int8 and binary quantization support! Check out the [docs](https://mixedbread.ai/docs) for more information.
## Evaluation
As of March 2024, our model archives SOTA performance for Bert-large sized models on the [MTEB](https://huggingface.co/spaces/mteb/leaderboard). It ourperforms commercial models like OpenAIs text-embedding-3-large and matches the performance of model 20x it's size like the [echo-mistral-7b](https://huggingface.co/jspringer/echo-mistral-7b-instruct-lasttoken). Our model was trained with no overlap of the MTEB data, which indicates that our model generalizes well across several domains, tasks and text length. We know there are some limitations with this model, which will be fixed in v2.
| Model | Avg (56 datasets) | Classification (12 datasets) | Clustering (11 datasets) | PairClassification (3 datasets) | Reranking (4 datasets) | Retrieval (15 datasets) | STS (10 datasets) | Summarization (1 dataset) |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------- |
| **mxbai-embed-large-v1** | **64.68** | 75.64 | 46.71 | 87.2 | 60.11 | 54.39 | 85.00 | 32.71 |
| [bge-large-en-v1.5](https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-large-en-v1.5) | 64.23 | 75.97 | 46.08 | 87.12 | 60.03 | 54.29 | 83.11 | 31.61 |
| [mxbai-embed-2d-large-v1](https://huggingface.co/mixedbread-ai/mxbai-embed-2d-large-v1) | 63.25 | 74.14 | 46.07 | 85.89 | 58.94 | 51.42 | 84.9 | 31.55 |
| [nomic-embed-text-v1](https://huggingface.co/nomic-ai/nomic-embed-text-v1) | 62.39 | 74.12 | 43.91 | 85.15 | 55.69 | 52.81 | 82.06 | 30.08 |
| [jina-embeddings-v2-base-en](https://huggingface.co/jinaai/jina-embeddings-v2-base-en) | 60.38 | 73.45 | 41.73 | 85.38 | 56.98 | 47.87 | 80.7 | 31.6 |
| *Proprietary Models* | | | | | | | | |
| [OpenAI text-embedding-3-large](https://openai.com/blog/new-embedding-models-and-api-updates) | 64.58 | 75.45 | 49.01 | 85.72 | 59.16 | 55.44 | 81.73 | 29.92 |
| [Cohere embed-english-v3.0](https://txt.cohere.com/introducing-embed-v3/) | 64.47 | 76.49 | 47.43 | 85.84 | 58.01 | 55.00 | 82.62 | 30.18 |
| [OpenAI text-embedding-ada-002](https://openai.com/blog/new-and-improved-embedding-model) | 60.99 | 70.93 | 45.90 | 84.89 | 56.32 | 49.25 | 80.97 | 30.80 |
Please find more information in our [blog post](https://mixedbread.ai/blog/mxbai-embed-large-v1).
## Matryoshka and Binary Quantization
Embeddings in their commonly used form (float arrays) have a high memory footprint when used at scale. Two approaches to solve this problem are Matryoshka Representation Learning (MRL) and (Binary) Quantization. While MRL reduces the number of dimensions of an embedding, binary quantization transforms the value of each dimension from a float32 into a lower precision (int8 or even binary). <b> The model supports both approaches! </b>
You can also take it one step further, and combine both MRL and quantization. This combination of binary quantization and MRL allows you to reduce the memory usage of your embeddings significantly. This leads to much lower costs when using a vector database in particular. You can read more about the technology and its advantages in our [blog post](https://www.mixedbread.ai/blog/binary-mrl).
## Community
Please join our [Discord Community](https://discord.gg/jDfMHzAVfU) and share your feedback and thoughts! We are here to help and also always happy to chat.
## License
Apache 2.0
## Citation
```bibtex
@online{emb2024mxbai,
title={Open Source Strikes Bread - New Fluffy Embeddings Model},
author={Sean Lee and Aamir Shakir and Darius Koenig and Julius Lipp},
year={2024},
url={https://www.mixedbread.ai/blog/mxbai-embed-large-v1},
}
@article{li2023angle,
title={AnglE-optimized Text Embeddings},
author={Li, Xianming and Li, Jing},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.12871},
year={2023}
}
```
|
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Dataset Card for Hugging Face Hub Model Cards
This datasets consists of model cards for models hosted on the Hugging Face Hub. The model cards are created by the community and provide information about the model, its performance, its intended uses, and more. This dataset is updated on a daily basis and includes publicly available models on the Hugging Face Hub.
This dataset is made available to help support users wanting to work with a large number of Model Cards from the Hub. We hope that this dataset will help support research in the area of Model Cards and their use but the format of this dataset may not be useful for all use cases. If there are other features that you would like to see included in this dataset, please open a new discussion.
Dataset Details
Uses
There are a number of potential uses for this dataset including:
- text mining to find common themes in model cards
- analysis of the model card format/content
- topic modelling of model cards
- analysis of the model card metadata
- training language models on model cards
Out-of-Scope Use
[More Information Needed]
Dataset Structure
This dataset has a single split.
Dataset Creation
Curation Rationale
The dataset was created to assist people in working with model cards. In particular it was created to support research in the area of model cards and their use. It is possible to use the Hugging Face Hub API or client library to download model cards and this option may be preferable if you have a very specific use case or require a different format.
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The source data is README.md files for models hosted on the Hugging Face Hub. We do not include any other supplementary files that may be included in the model card directory.
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The data is downloaded using a CRON job on a daily basis.
Who are the source data producers?
The source data producers are the creators of the model cards on the Hugging Face Hub. This includes a broad variety of people from the community ranging from large companies to individual researchers. We do not gather any information about who created the model card in this repository although this information can be gathered from the Hugging Face Hub API.
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There are no additional annotations in this dataset beyond the model card content.
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N/A
Who are the annotators?
N/A
Personal and Sensitive Information
We make no effort to anonymize the data. Whilst we don't expect the majority of model cards to contain personal or sensitive information, it is possible that some model cards may contain this information. Model cards may also link to websites or email addresses.
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Model cards are created by the community and we do not have any control over the content of the model cards. We do not review the content of the model cards and we do not make any claims about the accuracy of the information in the model cards. Some model cards will themselves discuss bias and sometimes this is done by providing examples of bias in either the training data or the responses provided by the model. As a result this dataset may contain examples of bias.
Whilst we do not directly download any images linked to in the model cards, some model cards may include images. Some of these images may not be suitable for all audiences.
Recommendations
Users should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the dataset. More information needed for further recommendations.
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No formal citation is required for this dataset but if you use this dataset in your work, please include a link to this dataset page.
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Curated by:
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Number of rows:
963,504